According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, foreign exchange transactions of commercial banks should take place exclusively through the Bank of Russia or the banks of a certain type, which have a license to conduct such operations.Transactions on sale and purchase of foreign currency carried out by the Russian is the above-mentioned banking institutions, are illegal.Therefore, residents who have some form of ownership, are obliged to deposit foreign currency in the accounts of banks, which is obtained as a result of foreign trade.
currency operations of commercial banks and securities are divided into current operations and caused turnover.Foreign exchange transactions of commercial banks in the current view have the following forms: translations in our country and the country of currency to carry out payment transactions without delay payment of the movement of goods, services and works, loans for a period of more than six months, transfers non-commercial purpose to our country and out of the country,plus the transfer of the amount of alimony and other property.Foreign exchange transactions of commercial banks, which are caused by the movement of capital, contain a direct investment and portfolio investment destination.In addition, transfers to pay for proprietary rights on non-residential property, as other operations that do not belong to the current.Foreign exchange transactions of commercial banks made by residents with no restrictions, helped by the resolution of the currency legislation.But this right are only those financial institutions that have special permission.With regard to non-residents, they have the right to have a current account in the currency of a foreign country and in the currency of the country also have powers of unlimited transfers and imports value in the currency in Russia by following the customs control, as well as buy and sell the currency of a foreign stateand the currency of our country.
Cash transactions are of a commercial bank to obtain a license.It should be noted that the main customers of commercial banks are individuals and legal entities.Organization in the form of legal entities have the right to a formal agreement with the bank to service cash management type.All the aforesaid activities of commercial banks are carried out in accordance with the regulations for the implementation of cash operations.That is, in order to provide services to customers of a commercial bank in full, you must create a bank cash units.
Cash units have the following contents: Incoming cash, cash consumable type, exchange offices, evening box office, box office for advance payments, cash count and recount of cash in money terms.In addition, cash can be built elements of the bank's outside it.Of course, they are created when the Bank has a special license.Equipment and appliance nodes cash properties must meet the requirements of safety and basic rules.
Deposit operations are caused by the involvement of a commercial bank deposits.Thus, the contribution can be considered as funds that are in the form of cash or non-cash property in Russian or foreign currency, which are given to customers in the bank for preservation under fasted conditions, determined by the credit institution.Normally, the conditions are like deposits in various commercial banks.The essence of the deposits of commercial banks is to ensure that this is the main type of operations of this kind of passive banks properties, on this basis, the contributions - is the main resource of the credit operations of the active species.
