Earthquakes in Russia are frequent.Residents of the central band are bad, what it is.Still, many people understand that this is the ravages of the elements, from which escape is almost impossible at times.In this article you will learn about the most terrible and large-scale earthquakes in our country.
What is an earthquake?
This term literally means fluctuations in the Earth's surface caused by the natural forces of nature.Sometimes they may be accompanied by large explosions or other artificial stimuli.
By its destructive power, if you take, for example, the earthquake in Neftegorsk 1995, these disasters is the ideal.In the history of Russia and the world, there are many facts of destroying the forces of nature - the millions of victims around the world and the consequences of that are completely disrupted infrastructure large cities and even countries.
epicenter of the earthquake - the Earth's surface, which is located closest to the center of a natural phenomenon.Today experts are the following types of earthquakes:
- Volcanic caused by volcanic eruptions.
- Artificial which arise from a strong explosion and subsequent changes to them underground plates.
- Manmade - Earth tremors caused by human processes.
Where are the earthquake in Russia?
Our country has repeatedly suffered from various natural disasters, including from such a disaster that occurred in Neftegorsk.The earthquake destroyed the town then and blew a huge number of lives.Other cities of the Sakhalin area - is no exception.
landscape of our country's diverse and large, as well as the climatic zones.Mainly natural phenomena of this kind in Russia occur in the mountainous areas.Leaders in the number of victims of such natural disasters are:
- Kamchatka.
- Altai.
- Caucasus.
- Eastern Siberia.
This is not the whole list of areas where there are tremors.In some areas it recorded a small but constant seismic activity - it's towns and cities Sakhalin and Kamchatka territory.Such activity often almost invisible to local residents, but this is not always the case.
major earthquakes that have occurred in Russia
In August 2005, the district Uglegorsky powerful earthquake amplitude of about 7 on the Richter scale.It was not as powerful and fast as the earthquake in Sakhalin (Neftegorsk, 1995), but still.During this natural phenomenon it has been destroyed many buildings and structures.In addition, roads have been destroyed by landslides, descended from the mountains.
in September 2003 in six districts of the southern Altai earthquake with a force of about 7.5 points.Then in the region it was marked by a series of natural phenomena, but less power.At the same time the earth tremors have been recorded in other areas:
- Novosibirsk region.
- Krasnoyarsk Territory.
- East Kazakhstan and others.
Fortunately, there were no human casualties, but several people suffered (suffered minor injuries).The earthquake caused huge damage to the country in the amount of about one billion rubles.
In 2008 in October in the North Caucasus, in Chechnya, an earthquake measuring 5 points.There were casualties (13 dead), more than 100 people injured.Tremors were felt in Georgia, Dagestan, North Ossetia.
Earthquakes seventeenth century
As is known, the fixation of natural disasters, including earthquakes, started only three hundred years ago.This does not mean that before that time there was no ground strikes.It's all in the historical division of the territory.Until the 16th century belonged to the Russian only part of the Central European and the Volga region.In these regions, the earthquake was minor and sometimes imperceptible to humans.Mountain areas are included in the country only in the 18th century, respectively, and a report of disasters began with the given time period.
strongest earthquakes of the 18th century
serious natural disasters periodically occurring in the territory of our country.A major earthquake in 1725, which took place in eastern Siberia, went down in history as the most destructive at the time.About it became known from stories naturalist Messerschmidt D. According to the scientist, the power was thrust is 11 points.Examining his house naturalist noticed that the structure formed a huge crack.Since the regions of Eastern Siberia were not densely populated, the earthquake did not bring a lot of victims.According to the notes of scientists and researchers, then similar phenomena occurred often enough, but there were no serious consequences.
In 1761 the Altai happened terrible earthquake amplitude of 11 points.These have survived thanks to the preserved reports of the military.The tremors were so strong that formed cracks in the ground, and the tower swayed and collapsed.
Earthquakes 19-20 centuries
Kamchatka - a region that to this day is considered to be the area of seismic hazard.The largest earthquakes are aftershocks in 1792 and in 1841 respectively.According to the classification of seismic shocks, the earthquake was set to 8 on the Richter scale.
the south of Russia, namely the Caucasus, there have been a terrible earthquake in 1970.Then, the element destroyed more than 250 villages.Dagestan has lost more than thirty people.The magnitude aftershocks - 7 points.It is considered the most destructive earthquake in the history of the country.
January 1862 - it was then that the terrible seismic shocks began to overwhelm the area of Lake Baikal.Three days lasted a catastrophic earthquake.According to studies, it is equal to the magnitude of 8-9 points.As a result of the disaster it was flooded Tsagan steppe and part of the lake has gone underground.
Seismic activity in Russia
earthquakes, tremors, vibrations of the earth's surface can occur with a certain force.That is, the above phenomenon is sometimes almost imperceptible to humans in particular.And sometimes this force carries destructive, sample - Neftegorsk (Sakhalin).On the map of Russia is now this village does not exist, or rather, no one lives there.Tremors in that place were of such force that violates the integrity of the soil, which led to the destruction of buildings and loss of life.Neftegorsk earthquake which claimed many lives, was virtually razed to the ground.For more details about it, we describe below.
our country has averages of seismic activity, despite the fact that some natural disasters have become a real disaster.There are regions where the probability of earthquake is very large.According to statistics, more than 40% of Russian territory are at risk.These are regions where the earthquake more than 6 points occur once in 500 years.9% of the area have a high class earthquake, that is, they belong to the area with the highest probability of frequent aftershocks - on the Richter scale they achieve a mark of 8-9.These areas include mainland Altai Sayan Ridge, Lake Baikal, the Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, Baikal and Sakhalin.
Earthquakes in Russia recorded recently
What were the earthquake in Russia recently?These disasters include the incident in Tuva.In 2012, not far from Kyzyl was recorded an earthquake measuring 3.2 on the Richter scale.It started at 7 o'clock in the morning.Victims did not have in mind the fact that the earthquake was a small force.In the same region in 2011 was a natural disaster 9-point force at the epicenter and about 6 points in the fields.Seismic activity lasted from December to the end of February.But as the epicenter of the earthquake was located at a distance of over 100 km from the nearest towns, death and destruction was observed.But the surface of the earth tremors could be felt in the following regions:
- Buryatia.
- Irkutsk region.
- Khakassia.
- Krasnodar region.
main regions prone to seismic activity, marked, including Kyzyl, Sakhalin Island on the map of Russia.
Neftegorsk
Neftegorsk Sakhalin area - a small Russian town with a population of just over three thousand people.It was conceived as a rotational oil town.It was founded in 1964.But, as often happens, all temporary becomes permanent.Why leave the city, where there is a constant high-paying job, a good home?As it is, though a provincial town, but very comfortable and well maintained, which has 4 kindergartens, schools and so on. N.
1995 - a year of unprecedented seismic activity in the Pacific Ocean.In winter, the Japanese earthquake claimed more than 5,000 lives.Russian seismologists expect aftershocks earth's surface and in the Far East and Kamchatka.No one imagined what would soon become Neftegorsk.A ghost town - that it became a place of existence of oil.Nobody expected an earthquake here.Sakhalin area has always been considered less seismic than the southern part, or smoked.
Neftegorsk: earthquake
It was unexpected, swift and terrible.On the night of May 28, 1995, when the general population slept on Sakhalin was almost completely destroyed village Neftegorsk - provincial small town.The earthquake - the most destructive in Russia in the 20th century.It claimed the lives of about 2 thousand.Disappeared from the face of the earth this settlement.
Neftegorsk earthquake (1995) Effects of
a result Sakhalin earthquake struck:
- 17 five-storey prefabricated houses.
- School.
- Bakery.
- Club.
- Dining.
- houses the private sector.
- Bridges.
- Roads and others.
It was enough to push one, and almost all the buildings with people sleeping peacefully turned into a pile of rubble.Below them were buried alive more than 2,300 people.Get live succeeded in little more than 400 people, 37 of whom died in the hospital.
fate of the village was decided not to rebuild Neftegorsk.Earthquake erased this town and maps of Russia.In the same year, in the autumn, it has been completely eliminated.Now at this point sandy desert with tombstones and memorial complex.Plates are on the place of former five-story building.A memorial complex was opened in the place where the ball was held graduate school dedicated to the last call.Every year on May 28 people come to this place to worship and honor the memory of the victims.
