Breaking garden or a small park, everyone thinks about what is best to choose trees.Willow will be a wonderful decoration.The tree will perfectly fit into the overall flavor and will delight the whole family and a host for its medicinal properties.It is not too capricious, but still has its own characteristics.
Distribution tree
Today, many of you know, looks like a willow.Photo of a tree to find a simple enough.And there were these plants many years ago.Archaeologists have found a willow leaf imprints in the sediments, which belong to the Cretaceous period.
Some members of the family are found even in the Arctic Circle.Sizes range from a tree with a trunk of fifteen meters to the small shrubs.In nature, a great number of willows, some are more common, others are not so well known.
Shelyuga, willow, willow, willow, wicker, Tal - all the trees and shrubs that belong to the same family - Willow.
detailed study of willow
People study the nature of time.Natural knowledge helps to survive.Collecting plants for food, it should be understood that carries a risk, and where useful items hidden.
first descriptions of willow occur in the first century.Pliny the Elder in his book describes more than five species.With the development of science, people are more aware of wildlife and try to categorize everything.The interest of scientists has always been, and willow.The tree species of which many years ago were not so numerous (over two dozen), has created a series of disputes between Linnaeus and Scopoli.
The study was carried out of the family in Russia.It was the Soviet scientist Skvortsov collected and organize all the available data on the trees, and picked up the spent typification corresponding names identified subspecies.
However, a huge variety of them today, causing controversy and different opinions in the scientific community.In some countries even have their own schools for the study of these trees.A huge variety of shapes and colors is willow.Photo of a tree - is often weeping types, located on the banks of rivers or lakes.Probably because these plants look particularly bright and inspired.
The botanical gardens in England and Paris can be observed by representatives of these plants.
family Willow
Three trees: poplar, willow and chosenia.What unites them?All of them belong to the family of Willow and together account for more than four hundred species.The main part of it grows in temperate regions, but there are plants that have reached and the tropics, which suggests a variety of possible options for cultivation.There is a family of trees from growing in Africa.
Trees like these light and moisture, but to varying degrees.Many are able to endure a life of a lack of water.If we talk about the poplars, they represented only trees.Tall and strong stems with lush canopy.
Yet Willow - a tree or shrub?It can be a tree with a huge trunk and lush high scrub, small sprawling plant.But the smallest species (from the Arctic and the Alps) still were not herbs.
Willow can be found on the riverbank.This is one of the best places for a tree - a lot of moisture and sun.The individual instances can fall on the slopes, sand, swamps and woods (as a substitute for other trees).
Three kinds of willow
Poplars can be regarded as the most primitive member of the family.Although in some areas they are found almost everywhere.Are of great importance to humans.Due to its natural rate of growth and undemanding nature are an excellent source of timber.
Chosenia represented only one view.The tree loves sunlight and grows on the ground, which consists of a mixture of gravel and sand.Grove of Chosenia not grow.Aging, they dry up and fall, or they displace other species.It is difficult to multiply, so do not have a large circulation.
Willow - a tree, is the most diverse family hails.It can be found in any geographical location.It is divided into three subgenera: Salix, Vetrix and Chamaetia.Each of them has its own characteristics and a lot of representatives.These trees can be met in many places of our planet.Huge, strong and small breeds.
subgenus Salix
Most representatives - trees.The list includes some thirty species.This Willow - a tree whose leaves are always sharp, flat.Veins are not impressed, and the edges are not podkrucheny.
White willow has a medium or large sizes.Leaves - whitish with a silver tint.Most often it grows in the valleys of the rivers.They are often bred, especially in rural areas.
In addition, there are fine representatives.Weeping Willow - a tree that can be found in Asia Minor.It was from there originally representative, named after the crash.Torn branch of the tree is well taken root.With this kind of spread far beyond their homeland - this tree can be found in many parts of Europe.
Salix pentandra interesting for its external characteristics.She has a beautiful foliage, as if covered with gloss.Bloom most recent of all members of its family, and only the end of pores warm ripen with seeds.Throughout the fall and winter tree decorated with dry hanging earrings.
Vetriks and rude
Together these two subspecies, there are more than three hundred representatives.Willow Tree, which will be described below, is found in forested areas with mild climate and belongs to the subspecies vetriks (goat willow or Bredin).She has great spreading branches and smooth trunk.Well tolerated transplanted in different conditions, so it is enough popular with gardeners.Subspecies vetriks - a willow tree or shrub rather large growth.In addition, representatives of the different structure of the kidneys, and the early flowering shoots with absent or poorly developed foliage.
hameteya The group includes mostly low-growing shrubs, some of which - creeping.Earrings are located at the end of a leafy escape.Seeds ripen quite late.In the forest you can often see the blue-gray willow.Interestingly polar and grow grass.Their trunks deep in the soil or moss, and come out only thin twigs with leaves.
most common representatives
in Europe, Russia, Central Asia, on the slopes, forest edges and can meet the goat willow.
This plant height of ten meters thick and has a rounded crown.Sometimes it can be a bush.
Another kind of goat willow tree - a willow Mac, wherein spreading foliage, greenish bark and dark-red shoots.The plant is unpretentious to the soil, quickly grows and life expectancy - for thirty years.
sufficiently known in our part of the tree - willow.Description appearance weeping beauty is fabulous and romantic story - about a girl who lost her lover and turned into an elegant tree.Standing on the shore, and she still shed tears, remembering the loss.
Application
distinctive feature of willow, which actively uses all of humanity, can be considered a well-developed root system.Typically, it covers a large space, has many branches.Thanks to this excellent holding ground.It is used for:
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strengthening of loose rocks;
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regulation of rivers in mountainous terrain;
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strengthen the banks of canals and dams in places;
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sharp strengthening of the gentle slope;
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erosion in the steppes;
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detention sand in places with high humidity.
Wood is suitable as a material for handicrafts, it is quite soft and easy.In some areas of willow built residential buildings.Some animals like to eat leaves.Willow - a tree that is considered an excellent honey plant, its eagerly visited by bees to collect nectar.
bark is used in tanning leather.From it also produced a variety of weaving, as well as of flexible and strong branches.
use in folk medicine
difficult to find a tree, like a willow, which would have a wide distribution and variety of applications.
trees of all kinds have the nutrients in its composition.Particularly rich in them goat, brittle willow and some other representatives.
drugs based on bark helps with the inflammation, relieves pain enhances the ability of blood to clot, reduce the production of urine.
After conducting clinical studies the effectiveness of willow was established during treatment of hypertension.
People suffering from tachycardia and neurosis can take a decoction or infusion based on inflorescences.
For a long time it was thought that has magical properties willow.What wood is used in Christian rituals?Verba, one of a family of willow.Previously, she attributed the strongest medicinal properties.It was believed that after swallowing a kidney, you can get rid of the fever and other diseases.
Broth is used topically or drink - depending on the problem.For example, they rinse their mouths with inflammation and make the bath with a strong perspiration.
Breeding
People engaged in wickerwork, are experiencing some difficulties in finding materials.Therefore, many are thinking about breeding your own small plantation.
For good growth should choose lighting and quite humid place.Best of all, to the chemical composition of the soil was acidic.
new tree can grow up using seeds or cuttings.So they settled down and gave good shoots, carefully consider the choice of the germination.It is best to use a stalk, which is located at the bottom of the barrel.This part is called the butt.
Willow - a tree that is planted in spring or autumn.From the frequency of location dependent thickness and height.The closer the trees, the thinner the stem.
