known that man can not do without water for more than a couple of days, because all metabolic processes in the body accompanied by her participation.Therefore, it is important to think about what kind of water we use.It can be increased chlorine content, calcium and magnesium salts, manganese and iron.Each type of impurities removed in different ways.Consider how committed Water purification from iron.
Types iron
First you need to determine what the iron contained in the water.
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Ferrous.The iron of this type is highly soluble in water, so the naked eye can not notice it.Water has a deceptive transparency.However, if some time in contact with air, the oxidation of iron and its transition into the trivalent form.Then the water becomes red shade.
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Ferric.This oxidized iron, it occurs in the fluid in colloidal form (fine particles of red color).Often, the water containing ferric iron is also present in the divalent type.Furthermore, the settling of red particles can be accompanied by the formation of iron and later by increases.
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Bacterial.It represents the live and dead bacteria and their waste products and shell.In most cases accompanied colloidal iron.Outwardly, it mucous soft sediments, which can be either harmful or not.The presence of iron in the pipe leads to pitting corrosion of iron.
methods of water purification from iron
dissolved ferrous iron can be removed by conventional methods designed to eliminate dissolved inorganic ions.This ion exchange, the essence of which consists in replacing, during the reaction of special resins for the sodium ion, and reverse osmosis, its principle is to use a membrane delaying the dissolved iron.
Another method of water treatment by ferrous iron type is a chemical process.Its principle consists in the catalytic oxidation process in which a chemical element passes from the dissolved state into undissolved.After this, the formed trivalent iron is deposited on the filter.Systems of this type are called filters, iron removers.
water with a high content of fine particles of red purified by ultrafiltration.
By eliminating the bacterial type of iron is necessary to apply chlorine or chelating agents.
It should be remembered that the methods of water purification from iron have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Reverse Osmosis Water purification from iron by means of reverse osmosis is punching it through a very fine membrane.It does not pass even the smallest impurities.Such a result is not able to guarantee the cleansing no filter water purification from iron working on another method.That is why the reverse osmosis system seems really unique.
for good performance of the filter is necessary to ensure the complete absence of oxygen, otherwise there will be oxidation, and ferrous iron turn to disperse, which subsequently will accumulate on the membrane.It is not a problem, because the reverse osmosis system has good integrity.
Also, this method can remove and trivalent iron, in the event that it is present in water in small amounts.Reverse osmosis technology makes it possible to get rid of manganese - known satellites iron.
ion method
This method is used for a long time, but in the past were used to purify water zeolites and sulfonated coal.Currently, in order to remove iron, special ion exchange resins are used.With their help, the effectiveness of this method has become much higher.Besides ferrous cation used eliminate calcium and magnesium ions.Also ion cleaning method capable of removing manganese, which is frequently present in the water.
However, it should be aware that this method will not work in the event that the water hardness is at a normal level.For water purification system from iron by ion exchange involves a decrease of this indicator.The method applies only to a limited pH range.In addition, negatively affects the organic substances present in water, they may cause the bacteria on the filter.
The challenge here - it's right to choose the optimum combination of resins.Then, from the iron will be over, because the ionic water purification method is currently one of the most effective.
chemical method of water purification
often to clean the iron in solution using an oxidation method.It involves the use of oxidants such as potassium permanganate, chlorine, oxygen and ozone.With their help accelerate the process of conversion to ferric iron dissolved, and adding the water coagulants (chemicals) promotes the precipitation of particles.This principle is more often used in large treatment systems.
In a domestic environment used catalytic method.Water purification from iron is accompanied by an oxidative reaction that occurs on the surface of the filter, the properties of which significantly accelerate the process of oxidation.Such systems are manufactured manganese dioxide, suitable to remove iron.To improve the water can be added potassium permanganate.
Features filters obezzhelezivateli
If the choice fell on a water purification system based on the oxidation of iron, it is necessary to take into account a number of parameters is:
- water temperature;
- pH;
- oxygen content in dissolved form;
- alkalinity.
These factors can affect the quality of work.Before the operation should be familiar with the manufacturer's recommendations and comply with them for later use.It is especially necessary to pay attention to the speed of the direct flow of water and backwash and also allowable iron content.
to common cause of poor efficiency filters obezzhelezivateli is incomplete oxidation of iron supply to clean a large amount of water, low water flow rate during backwash.Coefficient of iron should not exceed the mark of 15 mg / l.Filter-obezzhelezivateli different high specific gravity, which is their major shortcoming.
Removal of ferric
With high content of colloidal iron are considered to be the most effective ultrafiltration system.The principle of operation of such systems is the passage of particles through the membrane keeper.In this process, water purification is performed by hardware.
ultrafiltration using special membrane pore size of 0.05 microns.The effectiveness of iron removal method is due to the fact that the system can operate in different modes.Especially it should be noted backwash the membranes, which avoids the occurrence of blockages.
To achieve greater efficiency before cleaning the iron is better translated in the oxidized state.
biological iron removal method
biological method aimed at transforming the dissolved iron in oxide form by iron bacteria.They are not dangerous to humans, unlike their waste products.
of iron are active in the iron level of 10 to 30 mg / l, but can develop and contaminant content below these indications.For micro-organisms normally exist, it is necessary to maintain an acidic environment at a low level, while ensuring that the supply of oxygen from the air.
In conclusion, biological iron removal method removes the waste products of iron by adsorption, then the water is treated antibacterial rays to completely clear liquid.
Of course, this method is eco-friendly and efficient, but it has a big disadvantage: the low rate of the process.In addition to cleaning performance was at a proper level, it is necessary to have a large treatment capacity.
Potable water
At home water treatment is carried out using the following methods:
- standing.This is the most basic way: water is left for a few hours, during which the impurities and deposits sink to the bottom.However, the effectiveness of this method is low, after the procedure is necessary to boil the liquid.
- Freeze.Water should be poured into a container and send it in the freezer.After the bulk of the turn into ice, the residue must be emptied: it contains impurities.Defrosting water, it is necessary to throw the last pieces of ice, they are also present harmful substances.
- Schungite and silicon.Minerals must be put at the bottom of the container, then pour the water and leave for at least two days.After the time that water which is at the top, you can merge and use, and the "lower" should be poured, it will present the sediment.Shungite and silicon are good cleaners fluid from contaminants.
- Coal.The drug will get rid of sludge and solids.It should be wrapped in cotton wool and coal miss the water through the filter resulting homemade.
Why purify water from iron
presence of iron in the water, which did not pass the filter, it spoils the flavor and taste.Moreover, the undissolved particles in the liquid admixture stained brown.Chronic use of water with a large amount of iron may lead to various diseases, related primarily to the liver and kidney.Also, it has a negative effect on the skin, allergic reactions may occur, and the system will collect wastewater sludge.
addition to damage to human health, the iron in the water lead to such consequences as the appearance of stains on plumbing yellow overgrown pipes and corrosion, a significant reduction in product quality and damage to equipment in the workplace.
optimum value of the iron content in the water - 0.3-0.5 mg / l.At higher rates will produce rust, and appears with less turbidity.
cost iron removal
If you tap flowing water with an unpleasant odor and vskusom, then deal with this problem will help water purification from iron.Price filters depending on the type and method of operation has a different value.
considered the most common filter pitcher, whose operating principle is based on the presence of water into the vessel through a layer of sorbent.The cost of such a pitcher ranges from 200 to 2500 rubles.
filters, which involves placing under the sink, have a higher cost.Reverse osmosis systems are found on the market at a price of 5,000 rubles, and the electro-filtering will cost about 25,000 rubles.
The value of the goods affected by the presence of the storage tank, its volume and purity.
Do not forget that the installation of the water purification system of the iron better to provide skilled services which also have to spend.
