Allied words - words pronouns that are used, along with unions, a way of expressing subordination relation in a complex sentence and act, as opposed to unions, a member of the subordinate clause.As word of the Union may be in question, relative pronouns, which have forms of inflection (pronouns, nouns, pronouns, numerals, pronouns, adjectives) and invariable pronoun (pronouns, adverbs).
Allied words: what's this?Morphological characteristics
Grammar in Russian uniquely identifies the words that can be used as the word union.We consider the first definition that captures the closed list of allied words and delineates their syntactic and morphological features.So, the word is used as a union can only interrogative pronouns.These include:
- pronominal adverbs (where, where, when, how, where, how, why, why, why);
- pronominal adjectives (which is what, what, what, whose, Coy);
- pronouns, nouns (that someone);
- pronominal numeral (how much).
In addition, the Union speech - words pronouns that simultaneously possess remarkable properties (independent) and performance of the speech.
According ability slovoizmenyatsya allied words are divided into two categories: mutable and immutable.The former include the words what, how, someone, Coy, what, who, how, what, who, and to the second, without exception pronominal adverbs.That is why - word union, which does not change.But what - short adjective variable in number and leave.What, who, how - pronouns that are inclined only on cases.The remaining variable allied words can decline for case, number, birth.
syntactic functions of the Union speech
allied words in Russian can perform the following roles in a sentence:
- subject.One thermometer shows thirty-three degrees, but there are those who show thirty-six.He stood outside the door, listening to everything that was going on there.
- predicate.According to the indications we have identified what we Lighthouse.He wondered who this man.
- Supplement.He sat on the window sill and listened to what the soldiers said.The land, which was mentioned in the letter - is the Severnaya Zemlya.
- Definition.Written on the front page, what books to read.
- circumstances of place.She glanced at the window behind which the weather changes almost every minute.He immediately began to think, where to change it.
- circumstances of place.He huddled in the corner, listened attentively, waiting for him to go home.
- circumstance of manner.She explained how to find the way.
- Circumstance measure and degree.Now it is clear how truthful testimony he gave his confused feelings.
- circumstance causes.he was afraid that my grandmother will understand why all the family gathered around her.
- circumstance goal.He understood what is collected old books.
difference between conjunctions
addition allied words in complex sentences and the main part of the paranasal can bind alliances.Union performs part of speech, which is not part of a sentence.From unions allied words are characterized in that:
- these words - of the sentence (they do not take their eyes off the path that leads to the forest);
- Union speech - are members of the subordinate clause, so they can be discarded without changing the meaning (can not say, "They did not take their eyes off the path leads to the forest");
- on allied words may fall logical accent (we know that it will do tomorrow);
- after the Union may use words precisely particles, as (we know that she will do tomorrow, we know that she will do tomorrow);
- allied words may exchanged demonstrative pronouns adverbs and pronouns (we know that it will do tomorrow, we know that this is it will do tomorrow).
The main thing - remember that these techniques alone do not always help identify conjunctions.Because all the signs are based only on the outward expression of important internal differences, no indication can not be considered universal.Only with the combined use of the above criteria or in various combinations, it can be determined that attaches to the main part of the paranasal - union or union word.
subordinating conjunctions
These words connect binding clause and the main clause, and the union official speaking part of speech, is not acting member of the subordinate clause, but the word union, speaking significant part of speech is.In turn, the union can act and word of the main and minor sentence.This is not to equate the value of the subordinate clause and the role therein of the Union speech.This error is quite common.Therefore, we must put the right question from a subordinate to the main clause.When defining the role of the Union speech, the question should be put directly in the sentence from the words or phrases, which are subordinate allied words.Examples:
This is the house where we used to live.
This house, which was built this year.
This house, which was built in the twentieth century.
In some cases, unions and allied words may overlap.These ligaments include the four words that could be unions or allied words.Namely: what, when, how, what.
But it is worth to know that the word of a union as the union whose word as that, why, who, where, why, where, where, under any circumstances can not be unions.
Union
word that word that the word is the union if it acts as part of the sentence:
- attributive clause (a book that I gave yesterday was incredibly interesting);
- subordinate-attributive pronouns (I too love the light of all that clothes the soul in the flesh);
- subordinate izjasnitelnyh (we do not know what will happen to us);
- subordinate concessive (she did not tell me all her answer);
- connecting the subordinate (the player is great that I can not but rejoice).
In this sentence, the word that is relative pronoun.
Federal word when
As can be attributed to the union said, if it is used as a coherent word in a sentence:
- attributive clause (do you remember the time in the garden, we met with you?);
- subordinate izjasnitelnyh (Anna took the news calmly, and my only asked what will happen next);
- subordinate time (she woke up when it was completely dark).
Federal word as
Word as can be attributed to union said that if it stands in the proposal:
- subordinate izjasnitelnyh (many expressed their views on how best to accomplish this task);
- subordinate mode of action (I can not tell about the life of an artist as she did it myself);
- subordinate degree (it was so warm, as it happens in the summer);
- subordinate concessive (no matter how entertaining this computer game, a visit to the theater much more interesting).
Federal word than
The union is short, if it is a member of such proposals:
- subordinate-pronoun attributive (Ivan than she complained, I was happy with everything in front);
- subordinate izjasnitelnyh (what do you think, what the outcome of this film?);
- subordinate connecting (it was a good, honest, pure, who loved him, and what he admired).
