maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of harmful elements are established by state regulations norm sanitary rules.Failure to comply with these limit values it is an offense for which the violators responsible in accordance with the law.Standard MPC in water gives instructions about the limit values for pollutants, the content of which does not entail damage to the health or life of a person.
main sources of toxic elements are numerous companies operating industrial complex.Their emissions are quite heavily pollute the air, soil and water.Chemical elements that have a negative impact on our environment, can be divided into groups according to their degree of danger to humans.These include substances with danger:
- extreme;
- high;
- moderate.
There is also a group of dangerous elements.
MPC in water of various chemical substances included in a specially designed tables.There are also a variety of formulas, the use of which allows to calculate the tolerance limit of toxins.They are used specialists for control measures for human use water.Such actions may implement any of us.It is enough to analyze the state of drinking water in your home and compare it with the permissible norms of finding in it the various elements.For example, content in milligrams per liter should not be higher:
- dry residue - 1000;
- sulfates - 500;
- chlorides - 350;
- copper - 1;
- zinc - 5;
- iron - 0.3;
- manganese - 0.1;
- residual polyphosphates - 3.5.
total hardness of water should not exceed seven milligrams per liter.
great importance and control over the state of the soil.It is a land of battery and filter different compounds.MPC wastewater, which is discharged continuously into the soil, must also comply with regulations, as permanent migration in its upper layers of harmful substances is strong enough pollute the entire environment.
According to the sanitary norms, the soil may be no more than:
- 0,02 mg / kg benzopyrene;
- 3 mg / kg of copper;
- 130 mg / kg of nitrates;
- 0.3 mg / kg of toluene;
- 23 mg / kg zinc.
Exceeding MPC in water bodies dealing with the control of the environment, will determine the cause of this phenomenon.Quite often, an increase in the number of naturally occurring chemicals affect ordinary household waste.At the present time is a particularly acute problem of cleaning water from phosphate and nitrogen compounds.In order to solve this problem, you can use three different approaches:
- chemical;
- biology;
- collection of the first two methods.
Bringing to the regulatory limit values in water with the use of chemical treatment involves education metalfosfatov, which are insoluble, settle to the bottom of a special capacity.This process takes place by means of reagents.The use of chemical treatment is widely used in industry.Implementation of these activities is possible only by trained staff.
If water is used in the purification of phosphoric or P-bacteria, this method is a biological.It is a modern natural approach to prevent the maximum permissible concentration.Special areas of treatment tanks are supplied with alternating aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.This method is used in biofilters, septic tanks and aeration tanks.
totality of biological and chemical methods used in water treatment systems where there is a need to accelerate and enhance the decomposition reactions of sewage.
