development of a market economy in transition requires a whole range of measures to restructure the entire economy with the aim of giving it maximum efficiency and agility.One of the most important areas of this work is the denationalization and privatization of property.These activities contribute to the emergence of new forms of organization of production activities in all the sectors of the economy.
As a rule, such activity occurs very painful for a variety of social groups, and the point is not even that deregulation and privatization involves a redistribution of property and the rights of its use, in the course of their implementation often destroyed the usual values, changing value systems, a change in the very philosophy of economic thinking, those groups that are involved in this process.Precisely because denationalization and privatization require the development of verified programs that provide the optimal process of socio-economic process.An important role in understanding the content of the necessary measures is the question of understanding the precise content of the concepts of deregulation and privatization.
under denationalization in the broadest meaning of that term must be understood as a system of measures on de-monopolization of the economy and the abandonment of the administrative command of its development strategy in order to reach the path of formation multistructure economic mechanism, developing natural laws of a civilized market economy.The key to addressing this issue, as a rule, is to carry out activities aimed at the liberation of the state from the possibility of totally and directly intervene in the economic process, and completely manage it.World experience shows that the policy of denationalization, this activity is a solution of two interrelated tasks and vzaimoobuslavlivayuschih:
- the transition from the administrative-command management strategies for economic technology, based on the action of economic laws;
- changing the contents and forms of production and economic relations on the basis of its multistructure and free development.
privatization process involves the implementation of the following activities:
- creation of an effective private sector economy is developing on the basis of diversity of types of business entities;
- the conversion and transfer of state-owned enterprises to the effective development of a market economy, first of all - free them from direct state control action with the help of the administrative-command methods;
- the privatization of the property directly into the hands of people - creating private sector.
Thus, even the content of this shows that the denationalization and privatization - systemically interconnected processes, where privatization serves as a necessary element of the structural policy of denationalization.
In practice, privatization can be carried out and the process of denationalization, in which case it is reduced only to the decentralization of management of enterprises, or change the form of ownership without a change of ownership.Typically, this option is used for the privatization of recovery of the economy or its individual sectors.
One type of privatization - the privatization of municipal property, is a case in point.It is held primarily for the purpose of attracting investments to the regions.Informally, this process is the transfer of ownership, long-term lease of land, businesses, infrastructure in terms of their active participation in the development and modernization of the transferred facilities.
privatization of municipal property profitable entities and local authorities and businesses, which is why in some countries, including the regions of Russia, implemented a program of free privatization.This mechanism allows municipalities to get rid of objects that can not be effectively used by them and still make a profit, in the case of a fee or a liability privatization.
