Unfortunately, in today's world are often circumstances are such that we no longer pay attention to the nature around us.Arriving somewhere (say, Africa or Australia), we are struck by the diversity of the local flora and fauna, but in his own country do not notice no plants, no birds, no animals.And for good reason.Take, for example, is an amazing insect, sting like a bee.Interesting facts about it can not help but attract the attention of even the most incurious.
This article aims to interest the reader, telling him the plain language of the well-known only in narrow circles of nuances, for example, many really curious to find out where are the live bees in the winter, as well as what they eat in the warmand cold season, as the breed and build their houses.
Section 1. Features insects
Bees, interesting facts about them lately literally flooded the media, have webbed wings, short and elongated abdomen.
Body males sometimes densely covered, and they have straight antennae, but the females are crankshafts, consisting of 12-13 segments.Eyes naked, sometimes covered with cilia, mouthparts are gnawing type.
All bees have proboscis and advanced first segment of hind legs - key elements for collecting pollen and nectar flowers.The latter, incidentally, bees sucking proboscis in zobik valve, which blocks access to the gastrointestinal tract of nectar.The abdomen is often covered with hairs.On the hind legs is a "basket" - especially for collecting pollen.By the way, not everyone is aware of the fact that only females have a sting.
Section 2. The hierarchy of bees
These insects are quite highly organized insects: they are looking for food, water, develop housing, cell, care for the queen and the joint efforts of the offspring and at the same protected from enemies.That is why the breeding of bees, as a rule, does not require such an enormous effort, as it might seem at first glance.
most advanced public education of this kind are eusocial colonies, which live together honeybees, the so-called bezzhalnye and bumblebees.If you consider that they have a clearly defined division of labor, this group may be called semi-public.
In the case where, in addition to all of the above, the swarm consists of the uterus and its progeny, females, a group referred to as the public.In such a structure of the bee-mother, commonly referred to as the queen and her daughters called workers.
Section 3. How many lives a bee?
Lifetime Data insects depends on the overall strength of the family.The weak group working bee can live in the spring of about 4 weeks, strong - 5-7 weeks.And it all depends on the total number of families, as well as egg uterus.
However, not everyone knows that the bees are able to regulate their life expectancy.Most likely, they have some secret update the body, if there is no possibility to cultivate a new generation of bees.For example, if the family suddenly lost her uterus, then their term of life can increase up to 200 days or more.
also lengthens the life of the majority of worker bees at a time when the family decided to swarm, or to prepare for winter.Overwintering insects live about 7 months and about 1 month working for the good of the colony.That is the winter birds live 5-7 times longer than the summer.Thus, the life of the bees in the summer average is a little over a month, and winter - about 200 days.
Section 4. Of what is produced and how bee nectar?
Bee scoops droplet flower nectar emitted by plants (weighing 40-50 mg), and enriches it with his saliva, in which many enzymes.Furthermore, it is a process of splitting zobike sucrose as a result of which it becomes honey and nectar.
Upon returning to the hive bee-Picker sends a droplet of nectar bees receptionist, which continues to biochemical processing, and then adds the already nectar in honeycomb cells, where it is also chemically treated - "maturation."
At this time there is an intensive evaporation of water, deposition of tannins, and so on. D. The content of the bees in this period needs special care and attention.
Section 5. toiler
It is difficult to imagine that for just one spoon of honey for a whole day 200 bees-working women have actively collect nectar.But that's not all.Approximately the same number of individuals should deal with taking the nectar, further treating it in the hive.Plus part of the bees ventilate the nest for more rapid evaporation of excess water brought by the product.
In order to seal the honey bee in the 75 cells, working women should be allocated 1 gram of wax.To create 1 kg of honey bees must carry about 4,500 sorties, collect nectar from 10 million flowering plants.
In principle, a strong family can gather 5-10 kg of honey per day, or 10-20 kg of nectar.These insects are able to fly away from the hive to 8 km in search of a prey.
What I like a bee, is difficult to assume.These insects are able to collect nectar from completely different flowering plants.That is why some owners prefer to export their apiary hives to collect honey from a certain plant species, such as acacia, rape or limes.
Section 6. Special features of honey insect
It would seem, well, what can be quite unusual in such a distribution of insects, like a bee?Interesting facts, however, indicate quite the opposite.Despite the fact that in the warmer months, we can see them quite often, not everyone is aware of what they live, and how to organize their hard work.
course, professional content bees require special skills, but an ordinary person would be curious to know that the family honey plants are pronounced social colony where each individual performs his function is determined by its biological age.
So, young insects (under 10 days), it turns out, the uterus and the larvae feed.Somewhere to 7 days of age at the bottom of the abdomen of bees begin to work otstroyschits special wax glands, so they switched to different construction works in the nest.
14-15 days bee interesting facts about which there can be no cause of curiosity, lost productivity, performance wax glands drops sharply, and the insects begin to engage in other activities related to the care of the nest - cleaning cells and removal of debris.
When bees will be 20 days, they provide ventilation slots and its protection.Individuals older than 22 days are engaged in honey collection.And those who are older than 30 days are responsible for collecting water for the family.
the way, the adult bees are in the hive in winter, and during this period of their lives as it freezes, but the insects do not die, as it is a mistake to believe.
Section 7. How to recognize a killer?
This insect sting like a bee, interesting facts which at first glance, as a rule, seem highly unlikely, may pose a mortal danger to humans.And it now goes not about the poor guy with allergies, simple bite which causes terrible reactions, and even asphyxiation.Anyone can become a victim of us, however, it needs to go to South America.
Not everyone knows that the killer bees are hybrids of honeybee.They have a higher aggressiveness can attack humans, domestic animals, very seriously bruise.
According to statistics, since 1969 in Brazil killed more than 200 people and thousands of people severely affected by the bites of killer bees.These individuals up to 30 times faster attack and sting 10 times more than ordinary honey.
At the very slightest alarm they attack a swarm anyone who comes within 5 meters from their hive, and can pursue the victim about 1.5 km.And when you consider that a bee likes a variety of shady places, such as parks, gardens or forests, it turns out that to meet her for a walk, you can easily.
recently in the foreign press reported that across America, these insects have killed about a thousand people.Horrible Death usually occurs due to anaphylactic shock.
