The history of the stock market goes far back into the past.Already in the 13-14 centuries we worked actively bill market and the periodic fairs.They advocate a kind of prototype of the modern securities market.The first operation carried out with the securities took place in the 16th century, it was then, and began to appear the first exchange in Lyon and Antwerp.Stock Exchange and the stock market in the modern sense were established in the late 16th century, in parallel with the emergence of joint stock companies.
Patrimony and familiarity with the concept of stock market
The oldest is a stock exchange in Amsterdam, which started to work still in 1611.That it has become the first place where practiced margin transactions and forward transactions and repo depot.The culmination of the development of the international stock market was the opening of the stock exchange in New York.It is the first time it had been developed and introduced into the life of the first in the history of investment vehicles.It became the basis for the formation of multi-billion dollar financial empires, particularly the Rockefeller Foundation.
stock market - it's part of the capital market may be adjusted, providing an opportunity to trade in securities not only in the stock market, but also over the counter.Consequently, the concept of "stock market" and "stock market" largely synonymous.International stock market - a set of markets of all countries, which are integrated into a single unit and allow manipulation of financial securities.It can be concluded that the international stock market is nothing but as an integral part of the global capital market, which is in tandem with the cash market is, in fact, the global financial system.
Who participates in the life of the market and what operations it conducted
World stock market falls into the category of supranational structures.It integrates the stock markets of the world states.At a time when the domestic markets as participants were either individuals or legal, on international markets as traders presented themselves state.Access to the platform have almost all participants of the global economy, and the place of their location does not affect the fact that automatically makes the market and global, and universal.
stock market - is in some measure a tandem-bank financial institutions.This multinational companies and international stock exchanges and brokerage houses and dealers, and government agencies, and credit and financial institutions.In the life of the market and take part in institutions such as banks, insurance companies, government financial services that could affect the movement of the market.All the transactions within the market, can be differentiated into two categories.Commercial manipulations are settlements between the parties on export and import operations.Financial manipulation is a flow of capital between the different spheres of the economy.
Market Share: primary and secondary market
stock market securities can be called an institution or mechanism, which provides a framework for interaction between buyers and non-bearers of demand, and sellers acting as providers of values.The stock market can be divided into primary and secondary.Each subtype of the Institute carries out a clear list of tasks.
Primary Market The primary market - a market of stocks and bonds, short-term bonds of the state and the type of government bonds, federal loan.The concept included the bond market currency loan and treasury bills, certificates of gold in financial instruments.According to the legislation, the primary market is defined as the relationships formed at issue in terms of investment securities or in the implementation of civil and legal transactions between persons who have taken over the whole range of obligations on the securities, and investors, professional participants of the financial industry or their representatives.
primary market can be called the first market or re-issues of securities, in which realized their primary allocation among investors.Information on the securities to issue prospectuses, registration and supervision by the public authorities, inclusive, is completely open to investors, which allows us to make a rational and informed choice of the latter.
primary market is presented in two formats.This private placement, with his sale of securities is strictly limited number of investors defined in advance (non-public offering), and the public offering, which is carried out through the publication of a public ads (including the sale of shares of an unlimited number of investors).
Resale
secondary financial and stock market includes the stock exchanges and stock departments of commodity exchanges, intended for pre-issued shares and financial instruments.The concept involves the relationships that are formed during the rotation previously issued as part of the primary securities market.The basis of the secondary market are operations that underpin the redistribution of spheres of influence of foreign investment, with some speculative operations inclusive.
secondary securities market is divided into organized (or stock) market and unorganized or OTC (street).Secondary stock market shares provides a stable structured economic restructuring in order to increase its effectiveness.It is mandatory to the existence of the securities market, as well as the primary.A characteristic feature of the institute is liquidity, becoming a successful tool for the implementation of trade and to be able to absorb a large amount of securities in a short time.Thus fluctuations remain insignificant level and the cost of implementation is minimal.The mechanism of trading in the secondary market ensures the stability of the market and limiting speculation.
Why do we need the stock market
stock market - is a universal financial institution that has an impact on many areas of activity.Institute of business impact, since it is essentially the easiest way to obtain finance for the development and prosperity of the young corporation.When to start the firm sells the shares, ownership interests, it gets on your hands capital that there is no need to return and which do not need to pay interest, as is the case with a loan at the bank.Shares are traded in the money not only at a high speed, but with big dividends.
share price, which is increasingly formed by the participants of the stock market have a direct impact on the economy and act as an indicator of social mood.The economy, in which the stock market is developing, is considered to be growing, and the country - a strong and prosperous.Trading on the stock market offers a great perspective and for the common people.Bidders who do not have a lot of capital, may become owners of shares in the world's major concerns in the future to obtain from them a stable income.
domestic stock market
Russian stock market, until recently, in the last four years shows the activity of the growth rate, which emphasizes its dominant role in the economic development of the state.In the early stages of its development, the role of the market to win back the distribution of property within the country, but today its main purpose - is to attract foreign capital in the Russian economy.Currently, the domestic stock market capitalization is 498 billion dollars, representing 80 percent of the country's GDP.
experts gave a forecast that, despite the crisis, in 2015 the market capitalization will be increased by 2.5-3 billion.In fact the situation has only worsened, and the entire stock market today is cheaper than the shares of Apple.Statistical analyzes clearly show that the potential for development that the Russian stock market has not yet exhausted.Prosperity Institute is a prerequisite for ensuring a sufficiently high level of competitiveness in the battle for the material resources of global investors on the international stock market.In the development of the market are not only interested individuals and businesses that wish to attract investment from bonds.
the domestic stock market in 2015
Russia's stock market has serious problems associated with the problems in the legislation, with low levels of investor activity, with unrated companies and the lack of corporate culture.At the same time it is estimated the world's experts in the Russian stock market currently belongs to the category of the worst in the world, in spite of good potential.About This fact testifies to the RTS dollar index, which since the beginning of 2014 fell by more than 50 percent.
Worse things only in Ukraine, Portugal and Greece.The ruble has systematically weakened against the dollar.Recent indicators have been fixed after trading below the level of 60 rubles, which is the biggest intraday drop since 1998.Currency collapse prompted statements of the Central Bank, which announced a forecast for the coming year, based on an oil price of 60 dollars per barrel, which is absolutely untrue.Investors are losing interest in the Russian market, which is reflected in the state of the economy.
Stock Market America
In contrast to the situation in which the Russian stock market today, its American counterpart is the most liquid in the world.Within it are traded securities of the largest companies in the world.It is not only corporate shares and securities of foreign companies, but also depositary receipts, exchange-traded funds, and many other tools.American Stock Exchange in New York, serves as a platform for dealing with second-rate securities.In the early stages of its development, the exchange was presented in the format of the area under the open sky on Wall Street, where the deals.Only since 1921 trade area moved indoors
To be able to invest in the US stock market, you need to open an account with a broker, which is focused on providing services to traders from Russia.Each broker has experts that tell newcomers what to do.Rating brokers of the stock market suggests that it is preferable to cooperate with such companies as Finam and "Capital Management", "Insta Trade" and United Traders, INVEST.It brokers who on a number of criteria have been identified as the world's best agencies most reliable.
Features trade on the American Stock Exchange
Russia's stock market is fundamentally different from the US, which determines the specifics of trading on the last.Let's start with the fact that the transactions within the platform are among the bidders.Losses on spreads are not required.Market participants can not only accept or reject the price they can offer their own.As part of the exchange, each trader gets access to the information, which includes not only the price chart.A trader can assess the volume of transactions, market depth, strip prints and "imbelensy."
Stock Exchange offers a huge range of trading instruments, of which there are at least 6500 that automatically provides chic opportunities for competent risk diversification.Trading on the stock exchange can be carried out on a daily basis, as the number of shares is very large, and to choose the optimal balance of risks and benefits is very easy.To begin actively trading stocks, you need a deposit of at least a thousand dollars.Companies that offer start from $ 500, offer a very unfavorable terms of trade.During the trading platform have to pay separately, but profits from trade with more than covers all costs.
capitalization of the US market is many trillions of dollars, which makes it attractive for investors from around the world.And within the market there is a huge amount of both undervalued stocks that will earn good money, and a large number of overvalued, at least opening up broad prospects.Experts recommend to develop long-term investment projects, rather than rely on momentary profit and quick return.
