first thing that attracted us in the night sky - is, of course, the constellations.Photos and names them seem more relevant to each other than the actual celestial figures and their symbols, as the image is usually provided with auxiliary lines and devoid of "disturbing" the perception of the image of objects.However, all the beauty of the constellations can be understood only by looking for them over the head.
For the convenience of determining the position of the stars terrestrial equator on the sky divided into northern and southern hemispheres.Directly on this dividing line placed equatorial constellation.The list includes them including celestial eagle, the mythical servant of Zeus.
Location
Constellation, are placed close to the celestial equator, is available to monitor almost anywhere in the world.The most opportune time to find it in the northern hemisphere - from July to August.Constellation Eagle includes about a hundred light, visible from Earth with the naked eye.Some of them are located on the eastern branch of the Milky Way.
The brightest star in the constellation Aquila - Altair - part of the Summer Triangle asterism.The other two of its top - Deneb is related to the heavenly image of Cygnus and Vega, Alpha Lyrae, the second brightest star in the northern hemisphere.This proximity makes it easier to search the sky both the Altair and the entire Eagle.
Myth
Legends and myths about the constellations always tell about why the sky light up or that drawing, as well as interpret the meaning of his name.Eagle - a majestic bird, but the strength, pride and wingspan is not enough to shine after the death over the heads of the living.
According to legend, the eagle, illuminating the night sky, once served Zeus, the terrible god of the ancient Greeks.He was awarded the honor of wearing a huge thunder and lightning feeding them if necessary.Zeus trusted his Eagle important assignments.From time to time he delivered God wants him to man, as in the myth of Ganymede.Often the eagle was the weapon of Zeus, his punishment for the guilty.The legend of Prometheus, perhaps, ahead of all the other famous legends and myths about the constellations.Eagle was the very birds that every day tormented titanium, give people the fire.The suffering of Prometheus lasted as long as it did not save Heracles who killed the bird.For faithful service saddened Zeus placed the Eagle at the sky.
Alpha
most notable star in the constellation Aquila - this is Altair.Name can be seen that to some heavenly figure it belongs.Altair in Arabic means "flying eagle."As the brightness of all the stars, it ranks twelfth.This alpha Eagle is obliged not only to its size and brilliance, and a relatively short distance that separates it from the sun.According to scientists, it is 16.8 light years away.Of all the objects of spectral class is closer to us only Sirius.
Altair - white main sequence star, surpassing the sun by weight a little less than twice.Moreover, its luminosity is larger than that of the central space object of our system of 11 times.As has been observed, the brightness of Altair varies slightly, by a few hundredths of a magnitude.Today, in this context it refers to variables such as the delta of the Shield.
not quite ball
Altair is a peculiarity of its shape.It is far from a perfect sphere diameter Alpha Eagle near the equator is slightly larger than in the plane of the poles.Such inequality is created due to the high speed at which Altair rotates around its axis.In the area of the equator, it reaches 286 km / s.One such revolution takes less than 9 hours.Under the influence of centrifugal forces the star is deformed.As a result of its poles are closer to the nucleus than the line of the equator, and stronger because of this heat.
Eagle Family
Altair with the beta and gamma of this constellation are located almost on the same line.These and a few other less prominent asterism of stars attributed to the Eagle family.Three bright constellation points are also combined under a different name - the balance beam.However, by the zodiacal heavenly figure, the patronage of those born in September, this asterism is irrelevant.Thanks to him, the Eagle constellation quite easy to find.
triple system
Beta Eagle Alshain (Arabic for "hunting falcon"), separated from the Sun at a distance of 44.7 light-years away and is a system of three stars.The first component - it is orange subgiant with magnitude 3.17.Now this star is in the process of becoming a red giant.By weight it surpasses our star is 1.3 times.
Beta eagle - Alshain companion red dwarf star with a visible sheen 11.4.It is much inferior to the first component size: its mass is 0.3 times the corresponding parameter of the sun.The third star, Beta Eagle is characterized by a visible sheen 10.5.
Orange giant
Another star in the constellation Aquila, having regard to the balance beam asterism - it Tarazet (gamma).It ranks second among the brightest stars of this heavenly figure.The distance from the Sun to the Eagle range is much higher than the figure for the Altair and Alshain.It is estimated to be 460 light years.If not, this value, the alpha Tarazet ahead to Eagle because of its higher solar brightness over 2.5 thousand times.The apparent magnitude of an object - 2.72.
stars rather impressive dimensions: diameter Tarazeta so huge that if you place the sun shone on the site, it takes all the space up to the orbit of Venus.
Gamma Eagle - not a single star.Tarazet has a companion with a visible sheen 10.7.
variables
Constellation Eagle has several variables of type Delta Cephei, also known as Cepheids.These include the Eagle, which changes its luster in the range of 3,5 to 4,4m with a period of slightly more than 7 days.Her E. Pigott discovered a year before the opening of the known variability Goodricke Delta Cephei.To observe from Earth with binoculars available three variable stars of this heavenly figure: FF, TT and U Eagle.
In collaboration with a black hole
One of the most interesting objects in the constellation Eagle - is SS433, at a distance of 18,000 light-years from the sun.Light is an eclipsing X-ray binaries.Presumably, one of its components - a black hole, the second - a star of spectral type A. Both revolve around a common center of mass for about thirteen days.
This system was the result of a massive explosion of lights that occurred about ten thousand years ago and was the cause of the formation of the nebula W50.Black hole - the remains of the collapsed core of a supernova.
substance Star system is constantly flows to the black hole, forming around it with the accretion disk and heat.As a result of raising the temperature on the surface of the object always comes X-rays.The various parties to the space jet ejected material.They rush into space at a rate of about a quarter of the speed of light.Overall picture of the interaction of objects in a system similar to those illustrations that often accompany various manuals explanation of the processes that occur near the black hole.
New
In 1999, the Eagle constellation shone a little differently than usual.One of the stars increased its luster in the 70 thousand times.Subsequently, he was named V1494.The brightness of the star increases in the period from 1 to 4 December.It belongs to the so-called new classic, it is a system of two companions, one of whom - a white dwarf.The material flows from the second star to the dwarf and accumulates, eventually leading to an explosion.Last seen from Earth, and gradually increasing shine.According to existing data, after such a disaster does not break the system.The material in it continues to flow from the companion to companion.A century later, we can expect a second explosion.
Planetary systems
several stars belonging to the heavenly eagle have planets.These include, for example, proxy Eagle.This orange giant, a number of parameters exceeding the Sun: its dimensions are more than 12, and the luminosity - 69 times.Weight is also a significant solar, but not on such a scale - only 2.2 times.The surface temperature xi Eagle opposite lower and reaches 5000 degrees.
planets orbiting the star, was discovered in 2008 by Japanese astronomers.It belongs to a class of gas giants the mass of Jupiter is 2.8 times.In one revolution around the planet Chi Eagle required 136 days.
Eagle Nebula - Constellation (picture shown below), which has on its "territory" very beautiful object.This Shining Eye Nebula or NGC 6751. The hot star in the center of the space education reminds pupil.Radiation and winds created by it, a stream in the images of telescopes, much like a play of colors in the iris.
Shining eyes - a classic planetary nebula with a diameter about 600 times superior to the size of the solar system.The exact value of the parameter estimated at 0.8 light-years.From our light separates Nebula 6500 light years.
Star eagle - another part of the sky, full of impressive facilities.Figure constellations, photos and names of the individual stars hiding a lot of interesting information.With the power of modern hardware, anyone can see, it looks like this or that area of heaven Eagle, remote from us for many tens or hundreds of light years.
uniqueness of the information age in which we live is that we can very quickly find all the facts related to a particular object: the legend (the names of constellations or their origin) belonging to different peoples and ages, the latest data on the characteristics of starsFinally, pictures of telescopes.Today, raising his eyes to the night sky, you can not just enjoy what he saw, but it is very clear about how amazing the beauty hidden in its depths.
