explorers - a researcher of Siberia and the Far East of the XVII century.Their activities have been made many major voyages of discovery.They belonged to different classes.Among them were the Cossacks, merchants, hunters, engaged in the fur trade, and navigators.
meaning of
According to the Encyclopedic Dictionary, explorers - a trip participants to the Far East and Siberia in XVI-XVII centuries.In addition, they call those masters lesser known areas of these regions.
Start of development of Siberia and the Far East
Pomerania, who lived on the coast of the White Sea, have long traveled in small boats to the islands of the Arctic Ocean.For a long time they were the only travelers in the north of Russia.In the XVI century, the systematic development of vast lands of Siberia began with the defeat of the Tatar khan troops Kuchum Ermak Timofeevich.
Once laid the first Siberian cities - Tobolsk and Tyumen, the process of development of new space went with accelerated force.The rich Siberian expanses of land and the Far East attracted not only serving people, but merchants.Russian explorers actively exploring new territory and were advancing deep into the unexplored land.
Initially, the development of Siberia and the Far East was reduced to construction of jails, and only in the early XVII century Russian government began to resettle farmers in these regions, as garrisons, standing on large rivers of Siberia and Far East, in desperate need of food.
Famous discoveries
Russian explorers discovered pools of the rivers Lena, Amur and Yenisei, came to the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk.They walked the whole of Siberia and the Far East and opened the Taimyr Peninsula, Yamal, Chukotka and Kamchatka.Russian explorers of the 17th century and Dezhnev Popov first passed through the Bering Strait, Moskvitin opened the Sea of Okhotsk, and Poyarkov Khabarov explored the Amur Region.
method of movement
explorers - it's not just the researchers who traveled by land.Among them were sailors who studied basins and coastline.For navigation on the rivers and seas used small vessel.It was Kochi, boat, raft and Struga.Last used for rafting.Storms often led to the death of the ship, as it did with the Dezhnev expedition to the Arctic Ocean.
SI Dezhnev
famous Russian explorer, 80 years before the last full of Bering Strait, separating the North America and Asia.
was first the serving Cossack in Tobolsk and Yeniseisk.I have been collecting tribute (tribute) to the local tribes, and at the same time sought to explore and explore new territory.To this end, a large detachment of Cossacks in several kochah (small ships), he went from the mouth of the Kolyma River to the east along the Arctic Ocean.The expedition was waiting for the ordeal.Vessel caught in a storm and the ships sank.Dezhnev continued his march, and swam to the protrusion of Asia, cape, later received his name.Then the path of the expedition passed through the Bering Strait.Ship Dezhneva could not hit the beach because of the attacks of local people.It washed up on a deserted island where Russian explorers of Siberia were forced to spend the night in the pits dug in the snow.Reaching hard-to Anadyr River, they hoped to get out of it to the people.At the end of the expedition of a large detachment left 12 people.They walked the whole of Siberia to the Pacific coast, and this feat Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev and his comrades appreciated in the world.
IY Moskvitin
He opened the Sea of Okhotsk and Sakhalin Bay.At the beginning of the service was listed ordinary foot Cossack.After a successful expedition to the Sea of Okhotsk was promoted to leader.On the last years of the famous Russian explorer is not known.
EP Khabarov
He continued the work Poyarkova for the Study of the Amur region.Khabarov was an entrepreneur engaged in buying furs, built the salt works and mill.Together with a group of Cossacks held at all courts Cupid and compiled the first map of the Amur region.Along the way he won numerous local tribes.Forced to turn back Khabarova collected against Russian travelers Manchu army.
II Kamchatka
him the honor of the discovery of Kamchatka.The peninsula is now the name of the discoverer.Kamchatka has been enlisted in the Cossacks and sent to serve in the Kolyma River.He was engaged in the fur trade and the search for ivory.He first discovered the river Kamchatka, after learning about it from the locals.Later, as part of a small detachment led Chukicheva, Kamchatka went in search of the river.Two years later came the news of the death of the expedition on the river Kamchatka.
Conclusion
explorers - a great Russian explorers of Siberia and the Far East land, selflessly leaving for long trips with the aim of conquering new territories.Their names are forever preserved in folk memory and the names of the open headlands and peninsulas.
