number of couples who are unable to conceive a child, has recently been rising.In addition to the health of both parents, a successful pregnancy affects reproductive performance, or fertility.It is the ability of an organism that is in the age of sexual maturity, produce offspring.That is the concept of "fertility" we discuss in this article.
period fertility
So in other words, fertility - is the body's ability to conceive and give birth.Period or age female fertility - a period when it is capable of fertilization, normal pregnancy and childbirth.Demographic fertility age - 15-49 years.From a medical and social point of view, this period becomes somewhat narrower.So, in 15 years it is very difficult to give the child a full education, and 40 - the possibility of pregnancy is reduced, and the risk of having a child with various anomalies.Therefore, it is assumed that the age when most improved fertility - is 25-30 years.Age in male fertility plays a lesser role.
woman's fertility
newborn girl has about 400 eggs, but they are still immature and are in the ovarian follicles.These cells begin to mature at puberty.However, at each menstrual cycle occurs only one oocyte maturation.This process is called ovulation.After maturation of the egg is ready for fertilization, and passes into the uterus through the fallopian tubes.Thus, ovulation and fertility in women are closely related.Also on the reproductive condition affects the fallopian tubes.They have to be passable, otherwise the sperm will not be able to move toward the egg.In addition, it is important for a successful conception state of the endometrium, which takes a fertilized egg, and the cervix and the uterus itself hold it, and then the fruit.
Male fertility male fertility depends on the quality of sperm and their ability to fertilize.Every 72 days supply of sperm is updated.Quite a lot of factors affect male fertility.This is particularly the abuse of alcohol and smoking.Also on the male reproductive influence diseases of the genitourinary system, borne infectious diseases for children (mumps), concomitant diseases in adulthood (viral hepatitis, diabetes mellitus).In addition, the negative impact on male fertility being overweight, poor diet with zinc deficiency and vitamin C, frequent visits to the baths and saunas.Reduce fertility and frequent sexual intercourse, it leads to the fact that in the ejaculate predominate form immature sperm cells and a significant reduction in their concentrations.
as normalized fertility?
If the reason for the decline of fertility is not a serious pathology (endometriosis, blocked tubes, the violation of the spermatic cord, and others), the restoration of fertility is possible if the following recommendations:
-
maintain a regular sex life.
-
refuse low-calorie diets that adversely affect the hormones responsible for reproduction.
-
adhere to the rules of healthy eating, balanced content of fats and proteins.But carbohydrates are employed in large numbers, have a negative impact on fertility.
-
regulate your weight: Obesity adversely affects both male and female fertility.
-
take additional vitamins and minerals.Zinc, folic acid or carnitine, employed within six months, help to restore male fertility.Also, to this end use of ascorbic acid, selenium, vitamin E, which have a positive effect on spermatogenesis.Women are advised to take folic acid, vitamins E, B6, B12, zinc, magnesium, L-arginine, selenium.
-
For men it is important not to overheat the testicles, it's a bad influence on spermatogenesis.In the summer should give preference to loose trousers made of natural fabrics, as well as not to abuse the sauna.
-
believed that the ideal time of year to conceive - the beginning of winter.During this period, there is increased activity of sperm.
-
should be possible to avoid stressful situations, be able to relax, to control their emotions.
-
During ovulation refuse analgesics, as they affect the prostaglandins.
-
Limit or eliminate smoking.A woman who smokes, fertility is 30% lower than that of women smoking.
-
refuse the use of alcoholic beverages (especially beer to men).
-
Limit consumption of coffee, because caffeine has a negative impact on fertility.
Also on fertility affects the environment.Detrimental to fertility in a foundry operation, a chemical plant, in terms of radiation.If you cope with fertility problems persists, seek medical advice.
What fertility?
This is the average number of births per woman of reproductive age.To calculate the fertility rate, the required number of children born over a given period, divided by the number of women able to conceive, and multiply it by a thousand.For generation of substitution at relatively low mortality fertility should be equal to 2.3, if the active component at least 2.15 - a low fertility at the level of 2.4 - high.If two children accounted for one woman - a reproduction of the population.If the fertility rate is higher then it talks about the possible material problems of parents related to their inability to feed their children and give them an education.Coefficient of at least two points to reduce the number of population and its aging.
Prospects
Globally, there is a decrease in fertility, especially in industrialized countries.From 1960 to 2010, the fertility rate of the world declined from the level of 4.95 to 2.56.According to the statistics on the level of fertility affects the moral and emotional state of the population, as well as unemployment, migration, the level of prosperity.Creating new jobs and reducing migration can greatly increase the level of fertility.
