Fern.This plant popular rumor attributed magical powers.It is estimated that every year, on the night of Midsummer, you can see how the plant blooms.Well, if you can find and pick a flower fern - it will understand the language of animals and birds, will attain clairvoyance and you will know where the buried treasures.
Unfortunately, flowering fern is possible only in legends and fairy tales.In fact, ferns reproduce by spores and do not bloom ever.Is that our scientists will be able to cross-Genetics rose or other flower with ferns and bring a new plant variety, already endowed with the ability to bloom.That's when exactly fulfilled the prophecy - a man truly become clear language of plants, and it will find most of the greatest values of treasure.Actually, and it was not necessary to search.The treasure is buried in ourselves - is the knowledge and the desire to understand the laws of human nature and existence.
Fern - the oldest plants on the planet
Ferns in the world existed 40 million years ago.Of course, initially they were very different from the past evolution of copies, are now grow on our blue planet.The ancient ferns were huge sizes and looked like more on trees than on the plants.But now, a species that we call the ferns, so diverse, that only makes them form a sheet and method of reproduction.Nowadays, botanists have more than 10 thousand species of exotic plants.
growth habitat huge ferns.Most species prefer forest and marshland.Some species of plants are found in the mountains, where clinging to its roots for the crevices of rocks.There are ferns, can survive in arid deserts.
observed and those that grow directly in the trees.Over such a long period of the plants have adapted to life in the most extreme conditions.
How is plant propagation nature
To learn how fern reproduces, it should be considered a sheet under a microscope.
If you look closely, the bottom of the sheet you can see the bumps arranged in rows of dark color.They are small sacs in which spores mature.With the dispute is preserved and propagated since ancient times the plant.Now you know how the fern reproduces.See this plant produces stems, in nature it is impossible - it exists only in folk tales.
bracken fern
name "bracken" in this species of ferns is not accidental - it is too similar to its leaves huge eagle wings.Bracken leaves can reach up to 1.5 m wide and up to 1 meter in height.The plant has medicinal substances for health - it contains catechins, flavonoids, phytosterols, carotene, riboflavin and niacin.Therefore, it is widely used in cooking and pharmacy.
Want to know how bracken fern reproduces to grow it at home?The easiest way to do it vegetatively - digging or acquiring a plant with thin braid rhizomes.For the most favorable transplant in early spring, but good can take root and fern, transplanted in late summer.
bracken ferns reproduce by spores.Their maturation is necessary at the end of July beginning of September.During this time you can try obtrusit disputes with adult plants, and disperse them in a damp place on your site.
bracken fern is unpretentious in care - does not require fertilizing, easy to tolerate frosts and lack of moisture.
Knowing how bracken fern reproduces, it can be easily grown on his garden plot.The plant is very decorative, unpretentious and has the ability to grow rapidly, and this won the hearts of gardeners.
How ferns reproduce vyat forests
Vyatskie forest.The nature here is primeval and so little studied that, according to the locals, there occurs "Bigfoot."Especially attractive are not affected agricultural farming the left bank of the river Vyatka, where the whole territory is occupied by floodplain meadows and forests.The grass cover of the land and the bay is quite diverse.Not least it is owned and ferns.
most often found in the woods vyat these types of fern as Dryopteris, athyrium and bracken ordinary.
on land with a constantly moist soil found the whole fern spruce.It's amazing how ferns reproduce vyat forests: delicate fern leaves are attached to the spruce forests and grow without touching the ground.This is especially great spectacle in the autumn, when the leaves turn yellow and fern on a background of green fir trees form a fancy lace woven nature.
method of reproduction ferns
It includes not only the ferns ferns.This group of plants includes more Horsetail and lycopsids views.Outwardly, they are significantly different from each other, but all have a vegetative organs: Escape (leaves and stem) and roots.What unites them, and that the ferns, horsetails and club mosses reproduce vegetatively, spores and sexual way.
If breeding vegetatively and disputes is familiar and understandable way to the sexual reproduction of plants known not for everyone.Development ferns occurs cycling: from the sexual asexual generation grows up, which in turn gives life to the sexual generation.
Asexual generation is a powerful plant with feathery leaves developed and sex - small prothallia available only a short time.Lycopodium and horsetail multiplies the same as fern reproduces: asexual and hollow way.
Asexual generation
ferns ferns - a higher spore plants that grow mainly in moist shady places.They have leaves, stems and roots.The stems of ferns, horsetails and moss is a special conductive fabric, reminiscent of the vessels.
Asexual generation - when the sporophyte is a leafy plant that has special organs located on the leaves (sporangia), spores are formed.In Lycopodium and Equisetum spores mature in a sort of spikelets formed on the tips of shoots, at the fern - in pouches located on the reverse side of the sheet.
sexual generation ferns
Once in favorable conditions, the spores grow and form zarostok - a small plant, which is the sexual generation, the so-called gametophyte.Zarostok looks like a small green plate, reaching 1 cm in diameter.In the lower part there prothallia rhizoids, through which a tiny plant is mounted in the soil.In prothallia formed male and female sexual organs (antheridia and archegonia) in which eggs and sperm are developed.Since zarostok tightly pressed to the ground, trapped underneath the drops of dew or rain.For this water sperm "swim" to the eggs.With their merger fertilization takes place, and from the resulting zygote later develops a new plant, which immediately gathers growth, developing into a powerful fern.
