Originally from people
can talk about for a long time as a vice of flattery, to say that he who flatters, and the one who "bought" on the words of falsehood, both look stupid and bad act.And you can just tell a fable about the fox and the cheese.Briefly, succinctly and better not say.
Small instructive stories about animals appeared in the world for a long time: some of them have become parables, others - fables.For a long time the "father" of Aesop's fable called (about the sixth century BC), there is even such a thing as the language of Aesop (allegory).But new studies suggest that the most ancient fable is a Babylonian-Sumerian, and then there were the Indian and Greek.
modern definition
And Aesop, denouncing the vices of people used allegory in his stories, not because he was a slave, and to speak openly was dangerous, but because he knew that such a fable, and how it made express.Nevertheless, Aesop went down in history as a master of allegory, he transformed the genre of fables of folklore in literature.And centuries later, almost all the subjects of his stories were used in his work other fabulists.
And now the educational purpose of the fable remains the same, so this genre, and refers to the didactic literature, one that is designed to educate, explain and teach.On the specific question: "What is a fable?"- Modern man replied that this allegorical work of small size in verse or prose, which denounced the vices of the people and society.The heroes of these stories are animals and objects (people - is extremely rare), the impact on the reader used with the comic (satire), and criticism, and teaching (the main idea) is the output, which is called morality.
In Russia, it all began with Aesop
If in ancient Greece even 600 years BC it was already known that such a fable, then in Russia found out about it only after two thousand years.Defining it as a genre was put into use in the early XVII century Fedor Gozvinskim the translation of Aesop's fables in Russian.Next fables can already be found in the works of Cantemir Sumarokova, Khemnitser.Yet it should be noted that virtually all of their works were only a translation and adaptation of foreign works: the same Aesop and La Fontaine, Gellert and Lessing.As soon as Ivan Chemnitzer makes the first attempt to create his own fable, then it picks up this tradition Dmitriev, but when it took Ivan Krylov, the world of literature realized what a fable from the pen of a classic.Until now, there is a perception that Ivan A. fable as a genre is raised to such a height that it will take centuries to happen to tell someone anything new.The lines of his works snapped up on aphorisms: if we make an analysis fable, absolutely anyone, it becomes clear how great fabulist non-Russian subjects adapted to the Russian mentality, making their expression fable national characteristics.
analysis features
analysis of poetic fable is significantly different from the analysis of the poetic text, since, despite the presence of rhyme, the main thing in this work - how to achieve a didactic purpose.Analysis of the fable, first of all, includes the following items:
- creating fables (author, year of writing, whose story);
- summary (basic idea);
- the heroes of fables (positive or negative) as their character is transmitted;
- the language of fables (all artistic and expressive means);
- the relevance of the fable;
- whether there is a fable of expression have become proverbs or phraseology.
