What is the hydrosphere (water or shell) of the Earth?This term is called one of Geospheres our planet, which is the set of all states of H2O - solid, liquid and gas contained in the world.
volume of water present on our planet is a huge number - more than half a billion cubic kilometers.Of these, the lion's share (ninety-six per cent) account for the salt water of the oceans.The share of glaciers and surface fresh water accounts for about two per cent, and quite a bit (of a percent) - is the moisture contained in the atmosphere as water vapor (clouds and natural humidity).
to thoroughly understand what the hydrosphere, and what is its impact on people's lives, it should examine in more detail the processes occurring in the world (primarily weather) in which it participates.Let's start with the fact that water has the ability to "accumulate" heat.That is why climate areas adjacent to the seas, oceans and large bodies of water just has some differences from the climate of the area, lying within the continent at the same latitude.There are concepts of "oceanic climate", "continental climate".Large bodies of water, heating during the warm season, then slowly give accumulated heat, resulting in winter on the coast of the continental much softer.Conversely, after the winter ostyvshaya water makes summer cooler.
addition to the question of what is the hydrosphere, the theme will be devoted to the so-called cryosphere, or "field of the cold" - in translation from the Greek.Cryosphere - is that part of the hydrosphere, which contains water as a solid.It includes not only the glaciers (mountain or offshore), but snow cover, seasonal ice cover of reservoirs, as well as the permafrost.Thus, the cryosphere has no clear boundaries, and its area and location vary somewhat in different seasons.
in water shell, according to most scholars, was born earthly life.So for us it is so important hydrosphere.Its composition and structure in the historical period has undergone some changes.These include fluctuations in the groundwater level, a rise and fall in sea level, climate aridity and humidization large areas.Historically, it found that the level of the Caspian Sea in the Middle Ages was much lower than the present, and on it there were numerous islands.On one of these islands I found his death devastated Shah Genghis Khan of Khorezm.This event is recorded in the chronicles.
But not only water shell of the Earth affects the lives of people in the twentieth century has begun and is gaining more and more power in reverse.Human impact on the hydrosphere is not only in the pollution of groundwater or ocean waters.Economic activities of people has led to the fact that the average temperature of our planet increased somewhat, which led to the melting of perennial glaciers.The Snows of Kilimanjaro, which gave the name of the immortal works of Hemingway, in the twentieth century have lost eighty-two (!) Percent of the area, and this process continues.More loses his cover and Mont Blanc (in French - White Mountain).
So, what is the hydrosphere, its composition and effects on human, we more or less sorted out.The question remains - Will the human activity detrimental to the hydrosphere?It may, indeed, relevant Hollywood disaster movies in which all the glaciers melt and the earth is covered by vast ocean?Most experts do not hurry up with a definite answer, considering that the final decision is too little data.Fluctuations in average annual temperatures existed before, causing ice ages and thaw.Since human activities are, of course, they can not be linked.Rather, the processes occurring in the body of our planet and its immediate surroundings have been studied enough.What is really going on - to answer this question, scientists working on the intersection of science - geology, astronomy, meteorology and ecology.And perhaps soon.
