concept of "production" in everyday life is not uncommon.In general, many quite clearly imagine the process.This article will dwell on this concept, consider the components.
production from the standpoint of human
To begin turn to the terminology and determine that such production.Under this process, it is understood the manufacture of all kinds of goods or use of equipment (labor) in conjunction with the available resources to obtain the necessary services (goods).The man with the release of the product for consumption has an impact on natural objects, giving them the right to meet their needs shape.With such production in this case?This process gives an overall processing of the starting materials, the nature of the data in the required consumer products.Treated, they, in turn, can be used for further production.Also, these resources can be ready for consumption in its original form.This production function is constant regardless of the social structure of society.The output of the process can be quite tangible (production of certain goods) or intangible.For example, what is the enforcement?It does not release any goods or provision of services.It is a specific procedure for the execution of procedural decisions, the implementation of a mechanism which is regulated by law.As you can see, directly related to consumer products, this concept has not.
Key elements
prerequisite for the start of any production is the availability of inputs.Let us consider what the factors of production?Modern literature is a huge amount of clarification of this concept.Economic theory describes a factor of production in the form of an essential element.He has a major impact on the final result achieved in the process of production or provision of any service.Factors of production are the main components of the production function.From their interaction depends on the final result of all industrial or commercial process and, consequently, leads to stable interaction of the organization with the external environment.The total number of all the factors with minor amendments divided into two groups:
1. Basic.These include, in particular, include: labor, business ability, the original capital (which includes the structure of the earth, human capital).
2. provide.These include: information, which is owned by the manufacturer, the organization of production technology, environmental factor, design and research and development achievements.
The writings of economists, there is another classification.According to her, the factors of production are divided into four groups.They are: capital, natural (some studies found the concept of "land") and human resources (in this sense, as a rule, expected to "work"), and the ability to become entrepreneurs.
Human Resources
Under this definition means any kind of human activity.It can be physical or intellectual.Directed by human activities (as part of the concept) to achieve a certain result.In the process of labor may be used skills, special education, and other useful knowledge and skills acquired by people.The time period during which a person works (manufactures products, services as a result of its activity), called the working time.
Natural Resources
Useful natural resources: water, air, timber, and other things that people use in the production of goods and services - all natural, natural materials.An important point in the application of natural resources is the fact that this production is entirely dependent on the amount of required reserves at the disposal of the organization.
Capital
term "capital" in terms of the factors of production is a collective.It refers to the sum total of all the instruments of labor used in the provision of services, or the release of goods.At the same time, capital investment and are embedded in the technological cycle.To account for the use of capital, the Company has introduced a special concept of "cost of production".Let us examine this concept in more detail.It should be noted that modern economic theory does not give an unambiguous answer to the question of what is the cost of production.In the literature it is a different interpretation.According to one of the experts, a cost is understood only the cost of living or materialized labor, obtained in the process of production and its further implementation.On the other position of talking about phenomena that occur directly in the area of treatment.The second position is typical for organizations of trade and catering.
capacity for entrepreneurship
most important element of the production process, linking its three major factors (capital, human and natural resources), is a business.What is meant by this term?Entrepreneurship is a collection of all kinds of labor efforts on the production of necessary goods and services.Under this activity can be understood as the skills in the management and organization of the field of production or services.Therefore, the main task of a person engaged in business, is the most effective combination of three other factors of production among themselves.
Additional elements
In recent years, began to acquire greater importance is another factor influencing the production - information.On the basis of quality and timely data are received faster and more effective solutions.They greatly affect the quality of production.Information is closely intertwined with another component - technical progress.These elements become very important, because such a production based on the latest achievements of the scientific world together, and information component is most effective in today's economy.
