Siberia - this is one of the largest areas of the parts of the Russian Federation.Its territory is a high concentration of different resources, but in this region there are also significant problems.This should learn more.
Eastern Siberia.Historical background
This region joined Russia after the conquest of the Yenisei River, but its development is extremely inconsistent.The flow of people at first rushed to the northeast, so the XVII century was more or less populated area in the basins of the Lena and the Kolyma.In the future development of the region went in two directions: to the Far East and the Baikal region.In the middle of the XVII century in the basin of the lake it was established several forts, first on the west coast.Before Transbaikalia arrived later - only closer to the XVIII century.Problems of development of Eastern Siberia at the time were as follows: Russia annexed to its territory huge region without a significant military force, so that the teams of researchers counted in the hundreds, at best.For a long time, information about these areas were too fragmented.
Ironically, the initial stages of colonization took place very peacefully.A royal decree prohibited in any way to offend the local population, with him not to levy taxes.Even clerks forts defended by Aboriginal aggressors.Later, colonization of Siberia was due to exile and hard labor, and in the XIX century began voluntary transfers farmers due to lack of land in the central part of the country.Another wave of development came in the period during and after the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which connected the Far East with Europe.
What all prompted people to go to this inhospitable region?Certainly, the resources.All the more so, as it turned out, on the territory of Siberia has enormous wealth.
Characteristics and role
Despite its geographical location, and perhaps because of it, the Eastern Siberia - a rich variety of natural resources, land.Its territory has significant deposits of lignite and coal, iron ore, tin, diamonds, gold, and rare earth elements.The region has huge water, hydropower, biological, forest and recreational resources, so that its potential is great.
75% of the territory is covered with taiga forests are located deep rivers and the deepest lake in the world, is a huge natural reservoir of fresh water - Lake Baikal.So the wealth of this region are enormous.But there are also problems of development of Eastern Siberia.What is the reason of their occurrence, and how to handle them?
Current problems
Everywhere has its disadvantages and unpleasant moments.They did not escape and Eastern Siberia.Problems of its diverse and enormous, as the region itself.
Firstly, the whole of Siberia in the understanding of residents of the central areas - is periphery.It is not surprising attitude toward her as a raw materials appendage.
Second, poor transport infrastructure hinders the extraction of minerals and makes it much more expensive.
Third, is now extremely urgent problem of the outflow of population from the region.The harsh climate, distance from the administrative center of the country and other factors contribute to people moving in over the western and southern parts.
In addition, because of the huge number of mining facilities and processing enterprises are now acute environmental problems in Eastern Siberia.This also contributes to depreciation of fixed assets, unreasonable resource management, as well as accumulated losses incurred during the previous decade.These are the advantages and disadvantages, which constantly faces the East Siberia.
problems usually can be solved, but the question is how to do it most effectively.
Solutions
So, as it turned out, there are about four groups of problems related to the relatively undeveloped, inadequate infrastructure, outflow of population and environmental conditions.All of them are closely related to each other, so they need to solve the complex.
Eastern Siberia, the problems which, as its territory, huge, needs investment, not only in mining but also in manufacturing.Although the example of the principle of the well region, the division of labor, is too costly and inefficient to bring many of the products that can be produced here from the central areas.Development of infrastructure, organization of convenient health and education systems, the creation of new jobs would enable to stop the outflow of human resources, including skilled personnel, which is too difficult to keep in place the allowances and benefits.In addition, the resolution of this issue would more fully realize the recreational potential as yet few tourists want to come here.Too far, harsh and inhospitable eastern Siberia.
environmental problems need to be solved organization modernized production facilities, as well as through a more rational management of resources.Specially protected areas actually have to be established and not be them only on paper.Squandered wealth, it will be extremely difficult to get them back.
Prospects
As already mentioned, the region has great potential.But while the problems and prospects in Eastern Siberia are clear enough, for some reason, there is still no uniform policy for its development and support.
If the existing situation rather quickly the region threatens to become extremely environmentally disadvantaged areas, and the depletion of fuel resources, as it is sad, can and does put an end to its development.
