long path of historical development was the Tatar folk costume.Naturally, clothing 8-9 centuries differs significantly from the costume of the 19th century.But even today can be found in national traits: an increasing number of people now interested in covering the story.In this article we will look at the Tatar folk costumes.Their description will be given taking into account the changes in time, the territorial features.We also tell you about the Tartars used jewelry.
What can tell us a suit?
Tatar folk costume (his particular traits we describe below) can tell us a lot.Clothing is the most prominent determining factor by which people relate to one or another nation.The suit also embodies the concept of the ideal image of a man who is a representative of a country.He can tell the age, individual characteristics, nature, social status, aesthetic taste, who he wore.The clothes at different times intertwined historical memory of a people, moral norms and its commitment to excellence and novelty, it is a natural person.
features female costume of Tatars
should be noted that national characteristics most clearly traced it to a woman's suit.As the fair sex are more emotional, have a greater need for beauty, their clothing is not only the Tatars extraordinary originality.
Female Tatar folk costume different exotic colors.It is characterized by a fitted silhouette, the widespread use of longitudinal frill, volume of flowers in the decoration, as well as jewelery and braid.
Silhouette clothes Tatars traditionally a trapezoid.Tatar folk costume is decorated with embroidery.It is characterized as oriental richness of different colors, the use of a plurality of ornaments.And for women, men and Tatar folk costume decorated with beaver fur, sable, marten, silver fox, are always highly appreciated.
basis of male and female national costume
basis of male and female suit pants up (Tatar - yshtan) and shirt (kulmek).A common until the mid-19th century was an ancient tunic shirt, which was sewn from lean forward across the cloth with gusset without shoulder seams, with a cut on his chest and detachable side wedges.Shirt with collar prevailed at the Kazan Tatars.Tatar was different from the other width and length.It was very loose, length - up to the knees, never belts, he had wide long sleeves.Only long distinguished women from men.The length of the female was almost to his ankles.
sew shirts from purchased expensive fabrics could afford only wealthy Tatar.They are decorated with braid, lace, colored ribbons, ruffles.Tatar folk costume (female) as an integral part of the ancient includes a lower bib (tesheldrek, kukrekche).Wear it under a shirt with a cut to cover opens when moving the chest.
Yshtan (pants) - a common form of Turkic waist dress.As part of it includes, as we have noted, and women's and men's Tatar folk costume.Usually from pestryad (striped cloth) sewed pants for men and women were largely monochromatic.Elegant wedding or holiday men were made of homespun fabric with bright small patterns.
Shoes Tatars
most ancient kind of shoes were the Tatars leather boots and shoes without welt similar to modern slippers that are sure to have socks, curled up, because you can not scratch the mother earth with the toe of his boot.They were worn with canvas or woolen stockings, called Tula OEK.
Even in the times of the ancient Bulgars reached a very high level processing of wool and leather.Morocco and yuft made by them were called "Bulgarian goods" in the markets of Asia and Europe.Such shoes, archaeologists found in belonging to 10-13 th centuries layers.She had already been decorated with appliqué, embossed and sculpted metal plates.To have survived boots ichigi - traditional soft shoes are very comfortable and beautiful.
change in national costume at the end of the 19th century
Technology of clothing changed in the late 19th century.The possibility of organizing garment production in large volumes ensured the spread of sewing machines.This is reflected immediately on the style of dress: changed Tatar folk costume.The functionality became prevalent in men.She achieved thanks to a partial loss of decorative flowers.
Chekmenev, blouse, jacket, fur coat is made of different fabrics factory in dark colors.Gradually approaching coat, blouse.Clothes Petersburg Tatar with the national linked only low stand-up collar.But elderly residents continued to wear coats and blouse fabrics from the color of Bukhara.
men also abandoned by dzhilyanov brocade.They began to run from moderately bright silk and cotton materials plain green, light brown, beige and yellow.Such dzhilyany usually decorated with hand-stitch curly.
Men's hats Fur hats
flat-topped cylindrical shape very popular.They sewed entirely from astrakhan fur or from a strip of sable, marten, beaver with a cloth bottom.Wore complete with cap skullcap called kalyapush.It is made mostly of dark shades and velvet was like embroidery and smooth.
Men with the spread of Islam rooted tradition trim or shave his mustache and beard, and shaved his head.Bulgarians have celebrated her custom cover caps.They even described by Ibn Fadlan, a traveler who visited in the 10th century, these tribes.
also gradually becoming more practical and easy for women Tatar national costume.Used cotton, silk and wool fabrics, jackets made of brocade coated with a fine pattern, and later - of velvet and brocade, more elastic materials.
Women's hats
In ancient times, contained a woman's headdress, usually about family, social and age status of its owner.White kalfachki soft, knitted or woven, the girl wore.
They also found clothes temple and forehead decoration - cloth strips sewn pendants, beads, buckles.
Female Tatar folk costume (see picture. Above) as a mandatory part of the cover included.In the tradition of wearing it reflects the ancient pagan beliefs about the magic of hair that were later enshrined Islam.According to this religion, it was recommended to cover the face, as well as to hide the outlines of the figures.
How Tatar wearing a scarf?
replaced bedspread in the 19th century came the handkerchief, which was a universal hat for almost the entire female population of the country at the time.
But women of different nationalities in different ways it was worn.Tatarka, for example, they are tightly tied head, pulled down deep over his forehead, and a scarf tied at the back ends.And now they wear it well.Tatarka in the early 20th century in St. Petersburg were reduced to approximately the size of tattoos kalfaki that on his head held by a sewn inside out small hooks.
only kalfak were women, married ladies as he sprinkles on top, leaving the house, light blankets, shawls, silk shawls.Until today Tatar kept the habit of wearing a shawl, skillfully draping the garment its shape.
It looks like the Tatar folk costume.Coloring its different multicolored.The most common colors in the national pattern - black, red, blue, white, yellow, brown, green and others.
Jewelry Tatars
interest not only the folk Tatar costume photo which was presented above, but also used the Tartars decorations.Women's jewelry were indicators of social status and material wealth of the family.They were made usually of silver inlaid with stones.This favored blue-green turquoise, possessed, according to the Tartars, magical powers.This stone is considered a symbol of a happy family life and happiness.Symbols turquoise associated with ancient oriental beliefs: that the bones of long-dead ancestors, right contemplation of which makes a person happy.
Brown carnelian, purple amethyst, rock crystal and smoky topaz is also often used.Women wore bracelets, rings, rings of various kinds, as well as nakosniki various fasteners gate called yak chylbyry.There was always at the end of the 19th century Waistadorn, which is a synthesis of jewelry and charms.
The family inheritance passed down jewelry complements the new things gradually.Komeshche - so-called Tatar jewelers - usually working on individual orders.This led to a huge variety of items extant.
Like wearing jewelry?
Tatarka traditionally worn at the same time a few of them - different clock chains, pendants, and always with a suspended korannitsey.Jewellery supplemented these brooches and beads.Having undergone minor changes, many elements of the Tatar jewelry came into use among the representatives of other nationalities.
