In modern conditions practically every real market to some extent be considered monopolistic, ie a market with imperfect competition.Imperfect competition - a market that does not have to meet any conditions of pure competition.
Most of the products in the most modern market offers a limited number of firms able by virtue of their dominant position to influence the conditions of the sale of goods and, above all, the level of prices.
Total economists are divided into four market structures: pure competition, monopolistic competition, and monopoly and oligopoly.The last three types - imperfect competition.
need to study imperfect competition due to the fact that a significant amount of economic activity is carried out in a monopoly.This problem is especially acute for the Russian economy.
Imperfect competition in the work of economists
competition analysis in a large number of works of various economists.Adam Smith, for example, proposed the concept of "free competition", which became the prototype of the perfect competition.In the works of Smith imperfect competition acted as a monopoly.
Joan Robinson returns to the statistical analysis of imperfect and perfect competition.It is in his work proves the relationship between the monopoly price, price elasticity of demand and marginal cost.
Currently, however, are scarcely explored many issues, including imperfect competition in a globalized world.
Imperfect competition: the nature and content of
competition is an integral part of the market economy.Because of the market provided by the coordination of plans for consumers and manufacturers, more efficient use of resources, the redistribution of income in accordance with the results of operations.
But this is possible only when goods manufacturers compete, compete with each other.
all forms and competition reduced to two basic: perfect and imperfect.Perfect competition - this is such a market model that meets a number of conditions:
· A large number of buyers and sellers.
· absolute transparency of the market.
· The inability of certain market players to influence the behavior of others.
· Uniformity of goods sold.
· The mobility of all factors of production.
· Lack of subjective control by individual producers over prices.
modern market is a market with imperfect competition.Competition becomes so when disturbed at least one sign of perfect competition.
degree of monopoly or the imperfections of competition may vary.
first stage - monopolistic competition in which the market operates many firms, but each piece has some monopoly power, due to the differentiation of the product.An example may be a imperfect competition in the labor market, when each candidate has their own skills, characteristics that distinguish it from all others.
next step - an oligopoly, when the market has a privileged position a few large firms.In this case, the action of one of the company will lead to retaliatory action by all other firms.
The highest level of imperfection of competition - it is a pure monopoly.In this situation, the industry there is only one firm.For example, the only airport, the only railway in the city.
Thus, we can conclude that imperfect competition is a form of existence of almost all real-world markets.
