On a hot July 1941 Front of the Soviet Army, located in the west, completely defeated the Nazis.The total number of enemy troops is significantly inferior to our in number.In those days, namely, back in '74, this front practically ceased to exist.
secret decree and death list
not easy in those days when these events took place, all the soldiers read the text very top-secret decree under № 169. His edition is dated July 16, 1941.For a long time contents of this document was top secret character.It was only during the rule of Gorbachev, the supreme authority of the country where it was stated that in the history of the Second World War are no forbidden topics, the content of the document was published.
essence decision
This decision dealt with the fact that all the alarmist, cowards and deserters were considered worse than enemies.Because they not only undermine the common cause, but also greatly hurt the honor of the army.Therefore, the military command of the entire debt is considered to be ruthless reprisals against them, allowing to restore discipline in the military ranks.And he did all this in order to keep the light in the corresponding name Red Army.
After that the text in the document was transferred to the 9 names of generals and commissioners of the Western Front.They were brought before a military court for having allegedly dishonored the title of which wore.They also attributed to cowardice, voluntary transfer of weapons and enemies that they voluntarily left their positions.The first in this list of terrible suicide was listed General Pavlov, the commander of the Western Front.
Early career military
Dmitry Pavlov was born in the Kostroma province.There in 1897 in a family of a poor peasant birthplace of Colonel-General.
His first education he received at first in a rural school, and then - in the classroom school.Then in 1914 he volunteered to join the army of the Russian Empire.It was the beginning of the First World War.During his service, he really rose in rank.Pavlov came to the front just an ordinary, but after a while became the senior non-commissioned officer.In 1916 he was captured by the Germans and forced laborers stayed there until 1919, after the surrender of Germany returned to his homeland.
Shortly after his return, he became a Bolshevik.His career starts in the red commanding the 56th battalion of the Red Army food and is growing rapidly.He fought with the forces of Makhno, and also participated in the fighting of the Southern Front.Pavlov takes all senior positions, but the war is approaching its end, start reducing military.Also lost the possibility of further progress up the career ladder.
Military Education Pavlova
the period, which lasts for almost 15 years, Dmitry G. remains in the post of commander of the regiment.All this time, he was actively engaged in the military education as well as the family of General Pavlov was very poor and was not able to give him this education before.First united Omsk Higher Military School in Siberia, where he focuses on improving skills cavalry officer, then - the Frunze Military Academy.In between his studies Pavlov fought Basmachi gangs in Central Asia.There, he was the assistant commander of the regiment.After graduation Dmitry G. taking part in the fighting taking place in Manchuria.
his first management skills he acquires armored vehicles in 1931 in the courses.They conducted the Leningrad Military Transport Academy.It is this kind of military equipment has become very popular at the time, and her Pavlov linked his future career.After that the next General again held the position of commander of the 6th mechanized regiment, which was stationed in Gomel.
only at the beginning of 1934, he finally became the head of the brigade, stationed which was the city of Bobruisk.After it has passed a little more than two years, and Pavlov got on the Spanish Civil War.There he gained his nickname - General Pablo.
General Pablo participation in military operations on the territory of Spain
in the Spanish war Pavlov Dmitri G., who had a nickname, General Pablo was only for eight months.There he was not only the commander of its mechanized brigade, but also coordinated the actions of militant groups in the 9-11 teams.Then begins his active career.During the fighting in the Spanish territory Pavlov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.After that it awarded the title of the corps commander.He became chief ABTU.Mite, which has brought Pavlov Dmitri G. in the material development of armored forces under his command, acknowledged almost all historians.
Pavlov and the Great Patriotic War
Even before World War II Pavlov was appointed commander of the Western Special Military District.This event took place in summer 1940.And already in 1941, Pavlov, Hero of the Soviet Union, became an army general.
Just to subordinate his military district in 1941 had major offensive of the Third Reich.If we take into account the experience of the relation of forces at the time, it can be concluded that to win this resistance, the Red Army had no chance.Despite this fact, the top leaders of the Soviet Union was decided by a significant worsening of the situation due to an act General Pavlov, the commander of the Western Front.
Pavlov's arrest and sentencing
General Pavlov was arrested July 4, 1941.First, as he wanted to incriminate accusations of betrayal.But later we decided that the guilt of General Pavlov is that it has been taken cowardice, inaction and mismanagement.These "sins" were attributed to all those who were on death row in the list, along with Dmitri Grigoryevich.The shooting of General Pavlov was appointed on July 28, 1941.
To explain such severe punishment can cause a number of reasons.The first thing to take into account the fact that the disaster in the Western District had a considerable size.Colonel General Pavlov was a puppet and Uborevycha Meretskov.Therefore, his actions were particularly suspicious look.In addition, one of the reasons for that shot of General Pavlov, was his successful political career.
Find the perfect before a disastrous meet
Most modern historians and commentators are inclined to believe that this is Pavlov, General of the Army, I have done everything to the Germans immediately seized bridges and crossings and destroyed a considerable part of Russian aviation.
It should be noted that his wines are truly significant.Even when he was already known about Hitler's troops attacked the Soviet Union, he did not consider it necessary to cancel the performance of the Moscow Art Theater, which was to be held in Minsk on June 22 at the scene, the house belonged to the garrison of the Red Army.Moreover, just a few hours before the fateful events of General Pavlov I was at the same repose in Moscow.
And even when people who went to the theater performance, heard radio announcements on the air attack, sounded excitedly from all sides - they did not understand and thought that for the military training was not chosen a good time too.It was only after the end of the first act of repose of the people, it was announced from the stage of the beginning of the hostilities and that all employees who are in the hall, you must report immediately to the military enlistment office.As for the rest - they can watch Repose, and then go home.
This shows that even high military officials did not anticipate what will be the magnitude of the disaster.
Activities of the Western District
the disposal of the Western Front was quite a large number of tanks, troops and aircraft, which significantly exceeds the force of the enemy.But the Soviet generals were not familiar with military history and does not take into account the fact that the representatives of the military school of Prussia used a predictable plaque even when the enemy is superior to them in numbers.German troops possessed the highest technical and tactical combat training, and the Soviet army was totally unprepared for war.She had no clear idea of how to conduct a strategic defense, which in this situation was inevitable.
Significant errors Pavlov and his subordinates
But General Pavlov and his subordinates also made a lot of errors.Almost all the artillery was sent to the training of fire that took place in the rear.From the point of the exercise to the next front line was several hundred kilometers.Very slowly it passed building alternate airfields, which was placed in military aviation when the Germans attacked on the country.Because of this, the Nazis quickly destroyed all Soviet planes, which are on the ground.
not closed by means of minefields and tank hazardous areas, although talk about this have occurred among military authorities.Bridges were also not prepared to meet with the Nazis.Nezaminirovannye, they simplified the crossing water obstacles by German tank crews, as they were able to just walk on the bridge.Not guarded and communication lines.They were destroyed in one night by German saboteurs belonging to the unit "Brandenburg-800".
Who is to blame for the defeat?
Pavlov realized insolvency Soviet army still on the first day and quickly reported it to his superiors.But the command was firmly convinced that Stalin did not trick anybody, and even Hitler can not afford to do it.It should be noted that the representatives of the Soviet military elite (not all of course) were not prepared to take independent decisions and to organize the defense.It was observed the presence of a large deficit of courage and readiness to ensure that the surrender.Pavlov suggested that the war could not start so fast, and to prepare for it there is still time.
In the history of the Great Patriotic War is referred to another General Pavlov.25 Panzer Corps, which struck a terrible blow to Hitler's hideout, was under the command of Major-General Pyotr Petrovich Pavlov.This is the person in whose account a very large number of brave and wise military actions.Both commanders are not linked by anything except the names and titles.
In 1957, General Pavlov case was reviewed again, and he was posthumously rehabilitated.He also regained his title.Guilty of all this has been recognized by Stalin.But it did not happen because of the fact that has been established the innocence of General Pavlov, but because they just need to be accused of something Stalin and prove his guilt in the unwillingness of the Soviet army for military action.Although it is likely time to objectively evaluate the activities of the general, it had not yet come.
