Everyone who wants to learn and develop, always striving to learn something new and useful for yourself.It is considered to be particularly important vocabulary that not only has long been a measure of erudition, but also can help in the most unexpected situations.In this article you will learn about what the archaisms and historicism.Examples of words and context can also be useful especially curious for information.
Historicism
archaisms and historicism - a certain category of vocabulary.It includes long-obsolete words.Examples: historicism - the ax;archaisms - Zelo, this.By historicism are the names of objects that were used by our ancestors, and today there are except in museums.For example, the word "musket", which stands for an ancient weapon that was used in Russia several centuries ago.By historicism is the word "Axe" denotes a type of combat supplies.It is something akin to a modern ax, but with two blades.
How did historicism
main reason that over time the language appeared historicism, was the change in the familiar life of our ancestors, customs, science and culture.For example, extinct species clothes -'s coat, coat, jacket - ceased to be used, and this has led to the disappearance of their names from the language.Now these concepts may be found only in a historical description.There are many words that are no longer used, and they are now classified as "historicism."An example of this - the notion that somehow touch of serfdom in Russia.Among them - rents, labor obligations, apply.
Archaisms
This category includes words that denote things and concepts that exist until now, but with the names changed.For example, instead of our ancestors contemporary "this" talking "this" and "very" sounded like "exceedingly."Historicism and archaisms, examples of which are found in many literary works, is not always completely replaced by other words, they can only partially altered.For example, the phonetic or morphological.
How did archaisms
This kind of obsolete words appeared due to the fact that over time, any vocabulary is changing, evolving, and assimilated with other languages.Thus, some words are replaced by others, but with the same meaning.This is part of the vocabulary that has outlived his own, but did not completely disappear from the language.These words are stored in the literature documents and so forth.To create historical novels and they all need to be able to recreate the flavor of the era described.
Phonetic archaisms
This type include modern words and concepts that are different from legacy only a few sounds, sometimes just one.For example, the phonetic archaisms include such words as "poet", which eventually evolved into the "poet" and "fire" has become "fire."
morphological archaisms
This category includes words that are obsolete in its structure.These include the noun "ferocity" which became "ferocity", the adjective "nervously" evolved into "nervous", the verb "to collapse", which now reads as "fail" and many others.
semantic archaisms
archaisms and historicism, examples of words that are found everywhere, often over time, lose their true meaning.For example, the current "shame" before meant nothing more than a "spectacle" and old "ordinary" meant something that was done in one day (for example, "ordinary way"), and not "ordinary".
Modern
sometimes use these words, obsolete, so changed that they start to use the new value.This can be said about how archaisms and historicism about.An example of this - the word "dynasty".Some time ago it ceased to be used, but it is now back in vogue.If earlier it could only be combined with words such as "royal" and "monarchist", but now the scope of its use has grown significantly.Now you can hear about the dynasty loggers or miners, which implies that this profession is inherited from father to son.Sometimes obsolete words can be found in an ironic context.
Stable expression
obsolete words continue to fully function in the language as part of fixed expressions.So, keep some of historicism.Example: the word "thumbs" is still used in the language as part of the phrase "slack," which means "sit back".The same can be said about the stable expression of "sharpen fritters," ie, "yammer".
Degeneration VS Renaissance
happens so that the words that linguists boldly attributed to historicism, began to be used again because the concepts they represent, once again began to be used.This can also happen if there was to create something new that is in any way similar to the outdated concept or related to it.Now these words hardly resemble historicism.Example: a charity evening, Ensign.
Conclusion
It should be noted that although all of the above obsolete words are rather passive layer of vocabulary, they do not cease to play its important role.Reading the works of such eminent writers as Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, or Mayakovsky, you can often find historicism and archaisms, and to accurately grasp the idea that the author wanted to convey, it is necessary to be aware of their importance.Therefore, if you meet an unknown word, it is best to refer to the authoritative dictionary.
