first natural science museum-type institution in Russia was Kunstkamera, founded by Peter the Great.In its structure and acted office where exhibited collection of minerals, brought the Emperor of Danzig.Over time, the number of items has increased, and it was decided to establish a separate Geological and Mineralogical Museum.
History (until 1934)
In 1725, the year Mineralogical Study Kunstkamery taken over by the Academy of Sciences, and his collection became actively updated with new samples.Their classification engaged Lomonosov, who by 1754 was the ninth year a detailed catalog of the exhibits are of great scientific value.By the end of the XVIII century their number reached 10 thousand, the majority were imported from explorations into the little-known at the time the corners of the Russian Empire, including Altai and Trans-Baikal.Thus, in 1836 it was decided to establish a separate Mineralogical Museum.At the end of the XIX century, due to the predominance in the collection of exhibits relating to geology and paleontology, the main activity of the institution was changed.However, in 1912 under the leadership of such eminent scientists as Vernadsky, Fersman and A. B. Kryzhanovsky museum once again became a major center of research in the field of mineralogy in the Russian Empire.After the October Revolution, organized expeditions to various parts of the Soviet Union and brought out samples of enriched academic foundations, making them one of the most exciting and extensive in the world.At the same time management of the museum was entrusted to academician A. Fersman, whose contribution to the development of mineralogy is difficult to overestimate.
history (after 1934)
In 1934, together with the Academy of Sciences of the Mineralogical Museum moved to Moscow.Its placed in one of the historic buildings on the estate "Boring garden."It was designed by Count Orlov-Chesmensky at the beginning of the XIX century as a riding school, later it turned into a reception hall in the palace of Alexandria.In 1956, the Mineralogical Museum (Moscow) was named after academician A. Fersman, who more than 28 years (until his death) led this institution and made an invaluable contribution to its development.
Description
Mineralogical Museum.Fersman has one large exhibition hall, covering an area of 1.2 thousand square meters.It is divided into two parts, which are deployed on more than two dozen thematic exhibitions.In the first part, visitors will see the sections devoted to the history of the museum, the systematics of minerals and crystals, the process of mineral, mineralogy suburbs, meteorites, new minerals and others. The second part of the room occupied by the exhibition "Crystals five continents", "Forms of finding minerals in nature", "Precious and semi-precious stones, "" diversity of mineral species ", and describes some of the chemical elements, colors and physical properties of minerals.Although some museum visitors complain about his academic and the fact that sometimes the description of museum exhibits on closer inspection turns out to be printed on a typewriter, it has its own charm and style.It is a scientific and educational institution was founded almost 300 years ago!
Mineralogical Museum.Fersmana: collection
Brilliant Pebbles fascinated humans since prehistoric times.Interesting beautiful stones were the first decorations of mankind!Therefore, the greatest interest is the museum's collection, which consists of minerals, with a pronounced crystalline structure.In total, it contains more than four and a half thousand samples representing the seven crystal systems, and minerals produced synthetically.
Another interesting collection dedicated to meteorites.They are classified as minerals are of extraterrestrial origin and separated into iron, stone and iron-stone.Among them are the real giants, for example, split the meteorite "Boguslavka" presented by the two parts of the mass of 198.6 and 58.1 kilograms, or "Kainsaz", the total weight of the fragments is 210 kg.
most popular exhibition
Mineralogical Museum.Fersman has a magnificent collection of precious and semiprecious stones, as well as products from them, causing great interest among visitors.A total of 8000 samples of her.The main exhibits of the collection, which boasts a museum (see photo. Below), are large malachite vase and luxurious works of art from the workshops of the famous jewelry firm Charles Feberzhe donated to the museum by private persons or expropriated during the revolution.
Fersman Mineralogical Museum: how to get and the price of tickets
To see the most extensive collection of minerals in Russia, it should go to the Leninsky Prospekt, to the bus stop "Hospital of St. Alexis."From there you need to go towards the dull garden and turn right.Opening hours: from 11.00 to 17.00.Mineralogical Museum.Fersmana is open from Wednesday to Sunday."Adult" ticket costs 200 rubles, schoolchildren, students and representatives of some other privileged categories visit will cost 100 rubles.In addition, each month in the first and last Wednesday of the entrance to the public free of charge.As for excursions, from the group consisting of students, soldiers, pensioners and other benefit recipients will be charged 2,000 rubles, with the rest of the adult citizens (the group at least 15 persons) - 3000 rubles.
New Arrivals
Moscow Mineralogical Museum (photo exhibits can not give a complete picture of the wealth of its collection), despite his advanced age and the vastness of the tercentenary of funds, can not remain unchanged.After all, science does not stand still, and constantly found new minerals.Among the latter, revenue may be noted clinochlore Korshunov mine (Irkutsk region), amethyst size 18 cm from Dalnegorsk, Maughan from Mexico, luxurious amethyst geodes height of 93 cm, desyatisantimetrovyh corundum from the Urals, unique red-orange Dalnegorsky quartz Patagonian hematite and others.
Reviews
Mineralogical Museum in Moscow for many years of great interest to anyone interested in the natural sciences.Judging by the reviews, visitors are never disappointed, because everything I saw admiration perfect creation of nature.In addition, many visitors say excellent subject knowledge and erudition of guides who manage to convey information in an accessible form, even those who had never been fond of mineralogy.
Once in Moscow, be sure to visit Fersmanovsky museum where you can get acquainted with some of the most advanced and ancient natural formations.
