Mustard - culture vegetable related to the cruciferous family.There are several dozen species of this plant, but as spices used only three varieties - white, black and brown.
Mustard White (White Mustard, lat. Sinapsis alba) common in North America and Europe.The plant is an annual, low (60 cm).Mustard seeds in this class is very bright, with a touch of honey, moderately ostrye.Korichnevaya mustard (or sareptskaya, lat. Brassica juncea, Eng. Brown Mustard) by popularity ahead and white, and black.Moderately severe.Mustard seeds - 2 mm in diameter, round, brown or brown.Homeland plants considered the Himalayas, although it is cultivated mainly in India.Russia "met" with brown mustard in the XVIII century.thanks to the Germans, invited by Catherine II on the development of the south of Russia.Among the first settlers was a missionary doctor and translator Konrad Neytts.With his "light hand" Mustard hit the royal table.
The brown mustard is now sold as a powder and as a regular table in almost every grocery magazine.Gorchitsa black (Black Mustard, lat. Brassica nigra), further referred to as the French, has a rather long, up to a meter, stem.Boxes with seeds disclosed immediately after ripening, which is extremely difficult to clean.It is grown mainly in South Asia.Black mustard seeds most acute, but also the most fragrant of cultivated sortov.Rastenie is valued from ancient times as a medicinal, culinary, and how.The unique properties due mustard substances contained therein, includingminerals (calcium, copper, manganese, selenium, iron, zinc), phytohormones, vitamins and antioxidants.Mustard seeds - a real storehouse of energy and dietary fiber, which is very important for those who suffer from excess cholesterol, which leads the fight against niacin (vitamin B3).The fruits contain flavonoids (antioxidants), lutein, zeaxanthin, carotene and a variety of vitamins, fighting free radicals (K, E, C, A), and sterols (sitosterol, campesterol, avenasterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol) mirozin, sinigrin, acid(eicosenoic, erucic, palmitic, oleic).
Demand for mustard seeds is increasing every year.The plant is to grow profitably both for sale and for own consumption.
Sowing seeds Mustard helps restore the health of the soil, increase fertility, to destroy pathogens of diseases such as late blight, Fusarium, scab, and so on.They do not like mustard wireworms, slug, Medvedkov pea moth.Sowing green manure without exaggeration eliminates from further sets of fertilizers, which is beneficial for both ordinary gardeners, and for a solid economy and farmers, as a natural improvement of the soil to replace the drugs that were created on the basis of the chemical, it is impossible.Sowing the seeds of mustard restores the natural balance of the soil through what is really important.The plant grows quickly and is able to quickly build up a lot, even in the cold season.
mustard is especially effective when combined with legumes (through a number of alternates).This green manure, disintegrating fine structuring, draining soil and raising vozduhoemkost.The root system of the plant is able to penetrate deep into up to three meters.It is possible to recognize the quality of the mustard crop, protecting the soil from erosion during the autumn and spring (and if left uncut, even in the winter).It holds great snow, contributing to the accumulation of moisture and reducing soil freezing.In the steppes, where winds are stronger and more frequent, the plant is sown among the winter (rows).
As fodder crop mustard is used in the form of green mass.The value of it close to the feed.
sowing mustard seeds is best done on soils previously cultivated, fertilized (plant "processed" fertilizer, making it easily digestible for subsequent crops), sod-podzolic and sandy.Seeds germinate even at 1 degree Celsius, shoots tolerate frosts down to -5 degrees.
Mustard seeds (the price depends on the variety, on average - about 30 rubles per kilogram) is better to buy in specialized stores.
