Our mind leads to the conclusion that a lot of completely different objects of the world can be classified according to certain criteria, to isolate some objects and combine them in a group.For example, after seeing several similar cats, we say: "This is - the Siamese cat breed."The variety of cat species is a species of animal known as the "domestic cat".The similarity of the cat, Pallas' cat, the leopard and the lion will allow us to combine these animals in "cat" and the cat, rodents and primates - in mammals.As you can see, is already the most superficial knowledge of our world reveals certain structural levels of organization of matter.
word "structure" in Latin means an ordered structure, location.It can be assumed that the structural organization of the elementary form of the totality.But not all so simple: Stone house consists of bricks (in this sense is an element of brick and building systems), but no stacks of bricks or pointless piled mountain brick house are not yet.To the integrity of the worked, levels of organization of matter should be subordinated to a hierarchy between them should be collaboration.If you break away from the house of brick, it is no longer of this house - hence the element with respect to the system plays a subordinate role.
can therefore be assumed that the structural levels of matter are the basic principles.Integrity - is a fundamental principle: the sum of the properties of elements (eg, bricks) is not the same as the property of the house dwellings.Structurally certain order ensures its sustainability: the bricks are bonded solution, support the roof.The system has a clear hierarchy and hierarchy of: each object can be considered as an element, and as a whole (for example, with respect to the brick house - structure, and in relation to the housing array - element; also brick is a system with respect to its constituent material particles).
Hence the question arises: to what extent these are multiple structural levels of organization of matter?Epicurus wrote that all matter consists only of atoms and void.Now science has moved forward a little, and with the help of technology, we can say that matter is composed of molecules that are combined order for the atoms, they are a system of electrons and nuclei, the nucleus - the nucleons and nucleons - for quarks.On quarks modern science has stopped, but in theory it is - not the limit.It is possible that a couple of decades, scientists have identified even smaller particles of matter.
That if you look deeper.And if you look outwards - which system is the largest, are considered as elements of all structural levels of organization of matter?Our planet Earth, with its animate and inanimate nature, along with other planets and their satellites in the solar system is included.The sun - not the brightest star, lost at the edge of our galaxy.And our galaxy is in some stable interaction with other galaxies, forming them Metagalaxy (the visible part of the Universe).Do some Supermir, the theoretical existence of which has said Giordano Bruno in his teaching about the plurality of worlds?
And finally a few words about the connections between the elements permeate all levels of the organization of matter.Communication through the hierarchy (in other words, the "vertical") is not the only one.The wildlife is very common bond of "horizontal", where the constituent elements are not subordinate to one another and interact, maintaining the system.So, in the human body organs do not yield to each other in importance and do not obey each other.In inanimate nature disparate elements making up the system can change its properties and acquire new ones.Here's a simple example: H2O - water molecule.Hydrogen burns, oxygen supports combustion.However, together, they form the substance, extinguishing the fire.Thus, the system has several new features that are unique to as some aggregate.
