US political system is determined by their basic law - the Constitution, passed in 1787.The main principles and concepts defining systems as indicated in the amendments adopted later, or in other laws.The authority to exercise state power passes to the Federal Constitution of the State Government.The main law of the country is defined as the separation of the three powers, under which the federal government is made up of independent bodies: the legislative, executive and judicial.These in turn are separated from each other.
Constitution of the United States consists of several parts:
- preamble, which detailed the main objectives of the Constitution, the number is 85;
- article - 7 units;
- amendments - 27 pieces, the first ten of which - is the Bill of Rights.
US political system: the legislative branch of government
supreme legislative body in the United States is a bicameral Parliament, constituting the US Congress, which consists of the US Senate and the US House of Representatives.In the Senate, each of the 50 states has 2 representatives.The exact number of persons that may be of one or another state, defined each decade, it depends on the population in a particular state.However, even if the number of people staying small, each state has in the US Senate at least one representative.Senators are elected for six years, representatives of two years.Each of these may be selected any number of times.
US executive
executive power in the US is carried out only by the President, whose powers are very extensive.The entire state apparatus is in his direct supervision, including ministers, heads of departments.President directs all the mechanism of the executive office.
Executive Office, together with the President form the state presidency.President made the formation of the administration, the Cabinet of Ministers and executive boards.Cabinet Ministers, in turn, are not authorized to take acts of government, it is a consultative body, so the President can not follow the advice given to them.
form of government in the United States
form of government of the state reflects the way the organization and structure of the higher authority, the principles on which is based the interaction between its various institutions, and public participation in the formation of units of the country's authorities.
form of government has several basic properties:
- the way is the formation of the higher echelons of power;
- structure of government;
- principles underlying the interaction of powers: legislative, executive;
- interaction between the citizens of the state and the government;
- degree of freedom to provide the population by the structures of power.
US political system is determined by the republican form of government, which is guaranteed by the Constitution of the State (Art. IV).The republican form of government in America is realized in the form of a presidential republic, and has the following principles: President of the Republic (in this case the US) - the head of government and the state government is not accountable to Congress, the President has no authority to dissolve the chambers of Congress.
US political system, the system of state power in the country based on the principle of separation of powers.This principle under the United States turned into a system of checks and balances.The actual relationship existing between the three organs forming power in the state - the US President, Congress, the Supreme Court - are undergoing constant change, however, it remains unshakeable principle of the separation.
