in May 2015 in the Rostov region ended the death of the tick bite a person, an employee of Railways, resident Zimovnikovsky District.Inhabiting the far farm, medical help, he turned too late.
Ticks go!
In May 2013th first cause of death was a tick and it happened here, in the Rostov region.In 2014, two facts were recorded death from the bite of acari.Ticks in the Rostov region now represent a real threat for several reasons.First, the premature heat contributed to the creation of favorable conditions for the early activation of arthropods.Secondly, for ticks, not without the help of man created all conditions for breeding, and each female can lay from 1,000 to 17,000 eggs.However, the number of surviving from this unit.
Causes attacks Pridonya
breeding area destroyed.Thousandths of a herd of cows and bulls, millions of sheep, trampling the grass before, the natural habitat of ticks, no.Sanitization territories performed poorly because of its high cost.All this leads to the fact that in the Rostov region mites attack residents in their own backyards.The worst thing is that these arthropods of the class of arachnids causing Crimean hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, and many other deadly diseases.
Predators-bloodsuckers
11 cases of tick bites recorded in the area, led to a disease CCHF.Abbreviation stands for "Crimean haemorrhagic fever."Today, on the Don were 7 species of blood-sucking mites attacking humans.And they feel the approach of a warm-blooded predators prokormitelya at a distance of 5 meters.They are not only motivated, they can be found at a height of 1 meter.Types of ticks in the Rostov region have the following names in Latin: Hyalomma marginatum and N. scupense, D. Marginatus and R. rossicns, I. ricinus, I. laguri and Haem.punctata.More recently, in 2008 alone, only single copies of these blood-sucking arthropods, and now they have captured almost the entire area.Detailed scientific description of each type of result here does not make sense, they all have common features.
Bouquet deadly diseases
pliers in the Rostov region, especially ticks are carriers of these serious diseases - above CHF, Q fever, tularemia, and so dangerous, revealed this year in the region of natural focal infections such as Lyme disease, orLyme disease.Particularly active in the proletarian mites, Sal, Volgodonsk, Veselovsky and Martynovskaya areas.In the 900 cases recorded by the bite of a tick.
most common in the field of view
What are these parasites?Acarologists (science that studies the mites) described their 40,000 species, of which Ixodes or parazitoformnyh, bloodsucking acari know a little more than 650 species.Which of them are mites in the Rostov region?Photos, attached below, shows one of the most active bloodsuckers.The most common type, struck 43 district and 11 regional towns is D. marginatus, which is very easy to adapt to the environment and is the causative agent of transmissible diseases, that is, it is, in essence, - a carrier of contagious diseases from one person to another.
Work is
A distributor Crimean fever, type HT marginatum, has spread to 40 districts and 9 cities, though not so long ago that it can be found only in the south and south-east area.As already noted, all fatalities occurred as a result of human infection with CCHF, while seven species recorded in the Rostov region, can cause a whole bunch of serious diseases.The reason may be the parasite and the crushing of the skin (which can not be done), and just a tick bite.Rostov region, according to Ministry of Emergencies and Rospotrebnadzor, experiencing an invasion of arthropods.The situation is so dangerous that, despite the high cost, the fight against these parasites were released 11.5 million rubles.The goal - processing in the Rostov region.Governor added another 1.8 million rubles.
encephalitis carrier
the question "Do encephalitis mites in the Rostov region?" Can be answered in the affirmative.Parazitoformnye carriers of tick-borne encephalitis, a disease affecting the central nervous system, previously found only in the south-east of the region, but in recent years isolated cases observed everywhere.Tick-borne meningoencephalitis spreading tick bites, which activity is in May and June, they called Ixodes ricinus.It is this kind was found in the Rostov region.Ticks are carriers of this kind, and a reservoir for neurotropic virus encephalitis.
reservoir of the virus in wild virus circulates between ticks and additional intermediate hosts, which are animals, mostly birds and rodents.But a deadly virus found in anthropurgic foci (areas, heavily modified by human activity).Here, additional reservoirs to serve his goats and cows.Moreover, the virus can be transmitted through the egg offspring of these animals.Humans can be infected through the bite and crush the tick on the skin (transmissive path) or by alimentary transmission - when the human body get raw foods from infected animals.A virus adapted to low temperature, is easily destroyed when already at 70 degrees.Tick-borne Encephalitis in the Rostov region is especially active in May and June, and in August and September saw the rise of morbidity.When the virus bite immediately into the blood.The incubation period in this case lasts 2-3 weeks, when ingested with infected food - 4-7 days.
Creepy bunch of diseases
Of all the above types of mites that live in the Rostov region, it remains to consider H. Scupens, RH.Rossicns, I. laguri and Haem.Punctata.These ticks are the causative agents of these diseases.
Starting Latin letter H in the name of any species is born, to which this kind of - in this case Hyalomma.All species of this subgroup are carriers of KGL.H. Scupens is widespread and is parasitic on animals during the cold season, from October to May.They are the carriers of blood parasite diseases of animals such as gemosporidoz.Rhode Haemaphysalis (in our case Haem. Punctata), opened in 1844, combines the mites with short proboscis, which they transmit pathogens of tularemia, brucellosis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and even plague man.Initial I (I. laguri) means that this type of mite refers to dlinnohobotkovym who are carriers of bacterial and viral infections in man.What ticks in the Rostov region belong to the genus indicated by the name in capital letters RH?Rhipicephalys (in view of the Rostov region - Rossicns) - are small mites, hawkers babesiosis, an acute infectious disease of animals and humans.First discovered in Yugoslavia in 1957.
Some data
Acari Ixodidae - the largest group of parasitic arthropods.Ticks in the Rostov region, the description of which can be extended Data on the size, it is very dangerous.All types have the following data - the length of a mature male - 2.5 mm, the size of the hungry females - 3-4 mm (sucked the blood, it increases by more than a factor of 2-3 and up to 10 mm).Stages of development of the tick are: egg, larva, nymph, imago (adult).
Given the danger of ticks and increasing every year Rostovites desire to visit as often as possible in nature, there is a need to know certain rules of protection and prevention.
most often detected in the Rostov region virus
The region is constantly circulating virus CCHF.Because this type of disease is deadly, but it is particularly vulnerable area, it has to be more rasmotret.
Nairovirus family Bunyaviridae - CCHF virus - a fatality rate of 10-40%.Carriers are both wild and domestic animals.All of them are infected by the bite of a tick, and the infection remains in the blood for a week.When an infected animal bites other mites, communication takes place "tick-tick-animal."Several species of arthropods can be infected by viruses CHF, but its main carrier, as noted above, are a type of ticks Hyalomma.
risk of infection
person infected in a few cases - directly to the bite, when working with infected animals slaughtered.This risk are primarily at people involved in animal husbandry.Sometimes hospital- acquired infections, when the rules are not complied with mandatory sterilization of medical equipment.There is infection from person to person - through close contact with patients.While infecting CHF through a tick bite, the incubation period lasts 3 days (but there were cases of up to 9 days), and when in contact with infected tissue or blood - 5-6 days (maximum 13).
Features illness
Characteristic symptoms: high fever, headache, and all the muscles, followed by a sharp pain in the back and the back, there is photophobia, palpitations.All of them appear suddenly.Pain in the throat and belly are replaced by mood swings and liver enlargement.All this is accompanied by a rash, appearing as a result of bleeding under the skin on the inner surfaces of the mucous membranes.Performance worsening by the hour, and on the fifth day, the patient may occur sharp renal or pulmonary insufficiency.Death usually occurs in the second week of the disease, and signs of recovery appear on 9-10 day.For treatment use "Ribavirin" - an effective synthetic drug.For detailed advice on how to behave when visiting places of the likely presence of the mite, and a list of what can not be done strictly and what do you need to have to know all the people living in hazardous areas.
