origins of conservatism as a political philosophy were laid in the late XVIII century.This is not surprising, if you look at the history of this period in terms of social development.The Industrial Revolution, which began more than a century ago, has led to major changes in the economic system and social organization.This refers to, first, the formation and development of capitalist relations based on trade and competition, and secondly, the increasing complexity of stratification of the society: the emergence of such categories in it, the bourgeoisie and the working class.The old feudal system of subsistence farming was dying, and with it died of its value.In their place came new ideas developed mainly by thinkers of modern times: John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Charles Montesquieu and others.
the French Revolution and the conservative forces
Actually, this event has become the highest in the least revolutionary for the historical development of Europe.For the first time the idea has been implemented on the legality of the French Enlightenment of the uprising of the people against the "bad" of the monarch.Personality latter finally ceased to be inviolable.The Revolution became a precedent for all the other peoples of the continent and has launched formation of national civil societies.However, the French Revolution was very dark pages in its history.First of all, Robespierre's Terror.The answer to mass repression became famous work Englishman Edmund Burke.In his "Reflections on the French Revolution," he emphasized the negatives and the horrors that it brought many people of that era.It is this pamphlet and was the beginning of conservatism as an ideological trends, offers to resist uncontrolled impulses liberals.During the XIX and XX century, in part, he received considerable theoretical basis of their fundamentals.
basic ideas flow
Actually, the concept of "conservatism" comes from the Latin word «converso» - to preserve.Conservative forces and in favor of universal order and the preservation of traditional values: the social, political and spiritual.Thus, in the domestic policy advocated social traditions.This national culture, patriotism, morality established centuries, the primacy of public interest over personal, authoritative position of traditional institutions, such as families, schools, churches, the continuity of social development (which, in fact, is the preservation of traditions).The work of conservative forces in foreign policy involves betting on the creation of a strong state, built on a hierarchical system.Welcomed the priority development of the military potential of the country, the use of force in international relations, the preservation of historically traditional unions, protectionism in foreign trade.
Neoconservatism
Conservative forces of the new order is quite accept the idea of the need for development.However, they are in favor of careful and deliberate reforms.Examples of the adherents of such a policy can serve as US President Ronald Reagan and Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
conservative and non-conservative forces
It should be noted that conservatism is a certain set of political currents.For example, fascism - it is also quite conservative for, to prioritize state power and greatness.Conservative opponent serves a range of alternative movements, left and right: the Liberals, in opposition to that and to issue once conservative forces, socialists, communists, and so forth.
