Today our topic - offers a direct speech.Examples of such proposals are found everywhere: in literature, magazines, newspapers, journalistic materials.Already from the name "direct speech" it is clear that in this case the author of the text reports the words of a person exactly as they were uttered.
What distinguishes direct from indirect speech?
In direct speech any statement retains its own characteristics - syntactic, lexical and stylistic.With the words of the author, it is related only to the tone and meaning, while remaining an independent structure.
If we are talking about proposals to indirect speech, the author conveys's speech without its syntactic, lexical and stylistic features, while maintaining a constant content of the statements.And depending on the purpose of the author and the context of the statement can be changed.
consider detailed proposals with direct speech.Examples of such structures are as follows:
- Ivan said: "Let's quickly uberёm class and go to the park!»
- «Today on the street heat, - said Anna.- It seems that spring finally came into its own. "
- «Would you like a cup of tea?" - Asked Daniel guests.
Now try to reformulate the same proposal in a way that instead of direct speech they use indirect:
- Ivan offered quickly finish cleaning the classroom and go to the park.
- Annan said that the street was unusually warm and spring finally came into its own.
- Daniel asked his guests whether they wish to drink tea.
the difference?Then we go further.
Basics spelling suggestions with direct speech
punctuation of direct speech in the transmission depends on how the proposal is the statement regarding the author's words.
Direct speech in early deals
Everything statement in this case stands quotes ("").Depending on the type of sentence (declarative, interrogative and exclamatory) further transition to the words of the author may be different:
- for declarative sentences: «DIRECT SPEECH" - the words of the author;
- for exclamation (incentive) offers: «DIRECT SPEECH!" - The words of the author;
- for interrogative sentences: «DIRECT SPEECH?" - The words of the author.
Note! in declarative sentences at the end of quotation is not a dot.But a question mark or exclamation to put a must.In addition, declarative sentences quotes after a comma, as in other cases - no.
give examples:
- «In the forest today will be a lot of mushrooms," - said the grandfather.
- «Do you think today a lot of mushrooms will be in the woods?" - Asked the boy.
- «How much today mushrooms in the forest!" - Said Eugene.
ready to move on?
Direct speech at the end of sentences
In another case the direct speech can be placed after the author's words.Here, everything is much simpler: just after the author's words preceded by a colon, and the whole quote again enclosed in quotation marks.
consider such proposals with direct speech.Examples are as follows:
- Anya said: "I read an interesting book."
- Librarian said, "You already have read the book, which took a week ago?»
- Dima said: "I had never read a more interesting story!»
Note! in declarative sentences first closing quotation marks, and then a period.But if you want to put a question mark or exclamation point, it must be entirely within quotation marks.
Direct speech between the words of the author
If you quote from somebody's statements between two fragments of the author's words, as if the above rules are combined.
That is, after the first part of the author's words preceded by a colon, and then direct it and all punctuation marks are written as though we are writing a proposal for the first rule.
unclear?Then try to make a sentence with direct speech of this type:
- He said: "Today, it seems, it will rain" - and put it in a bag umbrella.
- Igor asked, "How are you?" - And classmate handed a bouquet of wildflowers.
- Kate shouted, "Faster!All here! "- And started strongly waving to attract attention.
you already know the rules, but because of problems with such proposals should not occur at all - just be careful!
Direct speech, which is interrupted by the copyright text
But it is quite interesting type of offers.
As always begins with direct speech quotes.Before the words of the author by a comma and dash, and after - dot, dash, and the continuation of the quote.This direct speech continues with a capital !At the end of the sentence quotes are closed.
look at the practice on such proposals with direct speech.Examples that could be cited in this case:
- «Let's buy a bouquet of flowers - Lena offered.- Present to Mom. "
- «Grandma loves the service - said Roman.- His grandfather gave. "
Note!If due to rupture of the first part of direct speech loses its meaning and a feeling of completeness understatement, after the author's words need to put a comma, and the continuation of direct speech must begin with a lowercase letter .
- «Not bad, - said Igor, - it would be to walk along the promenade in the evening."
- «I think - said the girl - now promised rain."
Simply put, if the proposal can be divided into two, and the reader is still everything is clear - the desired point.And if one of the fragments of direct speech alone does not carry any meaning, a reason to put a comma and continue the thought with a lowercase letter.
parsing sentences with direct speech
Analysis offers a direct speech does not differ from the normal parsing.However, the need to, inter alia, to name the author and direct speech, analyze them (as two separate proposals), to clarify the alignment of punctuation marks and draw a diagram.
So in practice the intricate deals with direct speech are quite simple and straightforward.The main thing - to analyze every example and try to create their own versions of the model.
