bright sunlight - a source of good mood and vigor.In cloudy weather, many people feel overwhelmed, depressed yield.Despite this, everyone knows that the storm will soon be over, and the sun appears in the sky.It is familiar to people since childhood, and few people think that it is a light.The best-known information about the Sun - is that it is a star.However, there are still a lot of interesting facts that may be of interest to children and adults.
What is the Sun?
It is now common knowledge that the sun - is a star, not a huge glowing ball that resembles the planet.It is a cloud of gas available within a nucleus.The main component of the star - hydrogen, which takes about 92% of its volume.Approximately 7% are helium, and the remaining percentage is divided between the other elements.These include iron, oxygen, nickel, silicon, sulfur, and others.
Most of the energy produced by the stars as a result of the fusion of helium from hydrogen.Information about the sun, gathered scientists, it can be attributed to the type of G2V spectral classification.This type is called a "yellow dwarf".At the same time the sun, contrary to popular opinion, the shining white light.The yellow glow is a result of dispersion and absorption of the atmosphere of our planet of its short-wavelength light.Our star - the sun - is a part of the Milky Way galaxy.From its central star is located 26,000 light-years, and one revolution around him takes 225-250 million years.
Solar radiation
Sun and Earth are separated by a distance of 149 600 thousand. Km.Despite this, solar radiation is the main source of energy for the planet.Passes through Earth's atmosphere is not the entire volume.Solar energy is used by plants during photosynthesis.In this way the formation of various organic compounds and oxygen is liberated.Solar radiation is also used to produce electricity.Even the energy reserves of peat and other minerals appeared in ancient times under the influence of the rays of the bright star.Of particular note is the ultraviolet radiation of the sun.It has antiseptic properties, can be used for water disinfection.Does ultraviolet radiation and biological processes in the human body, causing a sunburn on the skin, as well as the production of vitamin D.
life cycle of the Sun
our star - the Sun - a young star, referring to the third generation.It contains a large number of metals, which indicates the formation of other stars of its previous generations.According to scientists, the Sun has about 4.57 billion years.Given that the life cycle of a star is 10 billion years, now it is in the middle.At this stage in the core of the sun occurs thermonuclear synthesis of helium from hydrogen.Gradually, the amount of hydrogen will decrease the star will become hotter, and its luminosity - the higher.Then the reserves of hydrogen in the core will end completely, part of it goes to the outer shell of the Sun, and helium begins to thicken.Processes fading stars will last for billions of years, but it will lead to its transformation first into a red giant and then a white dwarf.
Sun and Earth
The degree of solar radiation will depend on the life on our planet.After about 1 billion years, it will be so strong that the Earth's surface warms up considerably and become unsuitable for most forms of life, they can only stay in the depths of the oceans and polar latitudes.By the age of the Sun is about 8 billion years, the conditions on the planet will be close to those that are now available on Venus.Water does not stay, it all evaporate into space.This will lead to the complete disappearance of the different forms of life.As the core of the Sun will be compressed and its outer shell increase, will increase the probability of absorption of our planet's outer layers of the star plasma.This did not happen only in the case if the Earth around the Sun will rotate at a far distance from the transition to a different orbit.
magnetic field
information about the Sun, the researchers collected, indicates that it is - Magnetoactive star.The magnetic field generated by them, changes its direction every 11 years.Its strength also varies over time.All these transformations are called solar activity, which is characterized by special events such as sunspots, wind bursts.They cause auroras and geomagnetic storms, which adversely affect the operation of some devices in the world, well-being of people.
Solar eclipses
information about the Sun gathered ancestors and extant, includes mention of his eclipses since antiquity.A large number of them are also described in the Middle Ages.Solar eclipse - the result of the closure of Star Moon observer on Earth.It may be complete when at least one point of our planet in the solar disc is completely hidden, and partial.In the year there are usually two to five eclipses.At a certain point of the Earth they occur with a difference in time during 200-300 s.Fans consider the sky, the sun can also see the annular eclipse.Moon closes the disc stars, but because of the smaller diameter size can not obscure it completely.The result is a noticeable "fiery" ring.
worth remembering that observe the Sun with the naked eye, especially with binoculars or a telescope, it is very dangerous.This may result in permanent impairment of vision.Sun is relatively close to the surface of our planet and shines very brightly.No threat to the health of the eyes to look at him, you can just during sunrise and sunset.The rest of the time you need to use special filters or shading projected on a white screen image obtained with the aid of a telescope.This method is most appropriate.
