Diabetes is a disease of the endocrine system, resulting in increased blood sugar.This is due to the fact that reduced insulin levels (more complex forms of diabetes are observed in cases where it is absent).If not treated promptly disease, this can lead to failure of various systems in the body, but also lead to metabolic disorders.
Species
diabetes mellitus can be divided into three main types:
- first type of diabetes.This is the hardest kind of disease in which the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not produce it at all.Typically, such a diagnosis is made for people under 20 years.Not yet know the exact causes of this disease.Some are inclined to believe that it occurs due to genetic predisposition.The pancreas stops functioning, so it produces too little hormone.Others believe that diabetes occurs due to a viral disease that affects the pancreas system completely.
- second type of diabetes - the most common form of the disease today.It appears in a rather mature age people who are overweight.This form of the disease manifests itself in about 90% of all cases of the disease.It differs from the first type of diabetes is that the pancreas produces enough insulin, but the body does not use it correctly.
- Gestational diabetes.This phenomenon is observed in approximately 4% of women in the world during the second trimester of pregnancy.It differs from the previous forms can be called that it disappears after the baby is born.
cause of the disease
Type 1 diabetes develops due to an autoimmune process, which appeared due to the failure of the immune system.This leads to the production of antibodies that affect cells in the pancreas, destroying it.Typically, the first type of diabetes occurs due to infection (measles, hepatitis, smallpox, and the like).In particular, the disease progresses rapidly if the patient is predisposed to the disease.
risk of progression of diabetes of the second type is available for people who regularly take supplements, which include selenium.In addition, the main factors that result in type II diabetes appears, are obesity and heredity.
disease investigation
Regardless of what causes provoked the emergence of diabetes, its result is the following: the human body can not fully absorb glucose.That sugar - the main source of human energy, because its excess is stored in the liver and muscles, and then can be used in critical situations.In diabetes, glucose is not absorbed and enters the bloodstream and circulates with it throughout the body.As a result - is the destruction of muscle tissue and organs.Therefore, as the energy of diabetics perform fats.At their cleavage in the organism produces toxic substances that would adversely affect the brain, as well as metabolism.
Diabetes
Any form of diabetes can not be completely cured.The patient's condition can be somewhat improved implementation of special measures.
- injections of insulin every day (for the cases of the first type of diabetes).The substance is sold in a special syringe, making injections becomes very easy.Using special strips need to control the content of glucose in the urine and blood.
- Eating pills that help to reduce the level of sugar in the body.In this way, people are suffering from Type II diabetes.If the disease progresses, the attending physician shall appoint injections of insulin.
- special exercises, which should do the sick.In addition, if there is excess weight, you must get rid of it for medicinal purposes.
- special diet that excludes the consumption of sugar, alcohol, sweet fruit.Delicious meals for diabetics should be prepared with all the requirements.Desirably fed 4-5 times a day and in small portions.You can eat foods that contain sugar substitutes.
As a diabetic to eat?
As mentioned above, the food for the diabetic must contain a minimum of sugar.It is important that they are rather nutritious.After all, sugar - the main source of energy for the body for the whole day.And if it is not supplied in the diet, the body may significantly diminish.Patients should carefully proceed to the selection of products.In any event, the preparation of meals for a diabetic you need to make it as a dietary.Forming the menu, you should consider some important factors: the type of disease (first or second), age, weight, the presence or lack of exercise.
Power diabetics first type
If a person is observed disease - diabetes of the first type, it must refuse food high in carbohydrates.Only sometimes you can eat carbohydrates that are quickly absorbed by the body.This is mainly for children, because it is difficult to completely abandon such products.However, parents must clearly ensure that, when and how much the child ate foods rich in carbohydrates.It is desirable to keep a record, to control blood sugar and inject insulin in a timely manner.
Dishes for diabetics type 1 include such foods:
- meat, steamed, without salt;
- boiled fish without salt;
- black bread;
- boiled eggs;
- vegetables;
- fruit: citrus and currants;
- dairy products (cottage cheese, sour cream and low-fat cheeses);
- chicory;
- cereals;
- vegetable salads;
- tea from rose hips.
In this case the patient should completely abandon the use of coffee, alcohol, fried foods, baked products.
What is included in the diet of diabetics second type?
Dishes for type 2 diabetics should be prepared taking into account all the requirements: they must be low-fat, sugar and salt.It is desirable that the food was varied, but the diet.
Eat meals for diabetics type 2 should be without bread.If this requirement can not be met, it is possible to eat food for one piece of corn bread.He quickly digested starchy foods, but almost no effect on the level of sugar in the body of the patient.On the day you can not eat more than 200 grams of potatoes, 50 g of carrots and cabbage.
Dishes for diabetic type 2 comprises a number of products:
- buckwheat, wheat, oats or barley porridge;
- fruit or vegetable salad (choose not too sweet fruit);
- vegetable soup;
- compotes and jelly without sugar;
- casseroles of fermented products;
- ryazhenka.
Jerusalem artichoke for diabetics
Jerusalem artichoke - the so-called artichoke.Doctors say that this vegetable is useful in any type of diabetes.It contains essential amino acids for the body, so after eating such a plant person gets a large boost of energy for the whole day.Dishes made of artichoke for diabetics perform many useful properties.If every day to eat artichokes, then the blood sugar level will be significantly reduced, and normalizes the pancreas.Nutritionists advise diabetics to replace the Jerusalem artichoke potatoes.Vegetables can cook anything: soups, porridge, stew.It would be only a wish.
If you are overweight?
Recipes for Type 2 diabetics who are overweight should be light, with minimal carbohydrates.In addition, patients should consolidate their results exercise.The complex does not have to choose their own: it must be developed in conjunction with the attending physician, considering the features of the disease.
You can also seek help from a dietitian, who will tell you what recipes for type 2 diabetics are overweight can be eaten.One of the most popular dishes among diabetics is "Green beans with onions."For its preparation will need:
- beans - 400 g;
- onions;
- flour;
- lemon juice;
- garlic - 1 clove;
- tomato;
- herbs to taste.
Below is how to prepare a dish for diabetics (with a photo, which is under the recipe).
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- In a pan melt the butter, add the chopped onion and flour.
- Dilute the tomato water and add lemon juice with fresh herbs, garlic.
- resulting mixture should be poured into the pan.
- Separately boil the beans until tender, then pour into the pan and a little put out.
tasty and healthy food
If dishes for diabetics are the dietary, it does not mean that they taste good.In contrast, the food can be cooked so that it could treat and healthy people, but they would not see a significant difference.In this case, not even required to have skills in cooking.It is enough merely to take advantage of advice and recipes, which are listed below.
delicious dishes for diabetics should be well cooked to them did not survive the harmful bacteria that may have a detrimental effect on the pancreas.Useful are also the products that have little or no own taste (zucchini or buckwheat).
Main dishes for diabetics courgettes are rather tasty and satisfying.To prepare the squash stew, you must take the zucchini, cauliflower, a little butter, onion, sour cream and tomato.In a frying pan in butter saute the onion, then add the chopped cauliflower.Add sour cream and tomato sauce, a little put out.At the end of Pour the diced zucchini and cook for about 10 minutes.
