Essence Securities.
Economic activity - an important part of our modern life, without which it would be nevomozhno many processes.For example, the economic activities of individuals and legal persons is not possible without the transfer of money from one subject to another.Transfer money in two ways: lending and production / circulation of securities (CB).
In order to discover the essence of the securities to the four distinguishing features of securities:
1. A security - a monetary instrument that can express two kinds of rights: in the form of owner's title, and the ratio of loan the person holding the documentto face his release.In the first case we are talking about the action in the second - on the bonds.
2. A security - is documentary evidence of investment.Through Securities cash savings are material objects.
3. The securities reflected the requirements for real assets.
4. These securities to generate income.
Naturally, the paper is valuable not because someone called her a valuable, and by virtue of the fact that it confirms the right of the owner to something valuable.If you can not access the terminology, the owner of the securities have the following rights: the right to certify (to obtain an extract from the register), the right to exercise (ie the right to return the nominal value or participation in management), or the right to give up (give, sell, transfer,lay) of the Central Bank to another person.
Functions securities .
functions of securities as follows: - redistributive (the Central Bank plays an important role in the overflow of capital among the various spheres of the economy, population groups, industries and state - realization of the right of the owner to part of the income that it receives from the investment of capital or returncapital; - Providing additional rights (priority of repayment, the right to participate in management, etc.).
Do not confuse the function of securities and securities market functions. In the securities market functions much more. We just give them a classification,without detailed explanation, to make it clear what I mean. Like all markets, the market and the general market the Central Bank carries out specific functions.
By obscherynochnoy functions include the following: business, pricing, information, reguliruyuschaya.Spetsificheskie functions: the redistribution of capital, the redistribution of market risksor hedge, the change in ownership. As you can see, the functions and features of the securities in the securities market are substantially different.
Properties securities.
distinctive qualities of the Central Bank enough, we list the main:
- market nature;
- seriality;
-obraschaemost;
- profitability;
- liquidity;
- standardization;
- risk;
- participation in public circulation.
Speaking of securities, their nature and properties, we can not say about the kinds of the Central Bank.Accepted provide two large groups of CB: basic and derivatives.Main, in turn, are divided into primary (bonds, stocks, mortgages, bills of exchange) and secondary (warrants on securities, depositary receipts, subscription rights, strips, etc.).Derivative securities: futures contracts tradable options, etc.
There are other classifications of securities, for example, certified by the nature of their rights, they are divided into: the proprietary instruments and Obligations.Many authors offer their classification.
Central Bank are a huge number of species, there are special provisions in the legislation, which is a complete list, we list some of them: government bonds, bill of lading, certificate of deposit, share, savings certificates, bank savings book to bearer, warehouse receipt, double warehouse certificate, a simple warehouse certificate, bond, bill receipt, etc.
