Economic theory is one of the most important disciplines economy.Within its framework defined philosophical and theoretical postulates, there is a comprehensive study of the market.In a narrow sense, the concept of economic theory involves a set of principles to help you choose the most effective ways to meet unlimited needs using limited resources.In other words, a global management, which includes a plurality of schools and currents.
science takes its origins in the third century BC in a number of countries of the Ancient East.Ancient monuments economic thought can be considered "Laws of Manu" of ancient India.A strong boost to give Plato and Aristotle.Section and completed the scientists thought the ancient Greek philosophers in ancient Rome.
One of the main methods of science is a graphical modeling, that is, economic theories carry different models seeking to explain a particular process.Big role forecasting, the ability to predict the course of global economic processes often determines the viability of a particular doctrine.
also widely used economic theory to produce practical recommendations for:
- reduce inflation;
- GDP growth;
- cost optimization;
- development of individual industries.
This science is dynamic, within it there are always new economic theory and complemented by the old.This inevitable process associated with regular changes in the market.Track and analyze such changes through the historical prism of the history of economic thought is intended.
In a global sense, all economic theories have targeted more accurately convey the real economy, to explain the changes and deviations.
modern economic theory:
- Keynesianism - macroeconomic doctrine schools, based on the work of John Maynard Keynes.
- Monetarism - macroeconomic doctrine considers the cornerstone of the economy amount of money in circulation.He laid the foundation of the theory of Nobel laureate Milton Friedman.
- New Institutional Economics - teaching, analyzing social institutions through the prism of economic theory.Often confused with institutionalism, but a direct link between these teachings there.
- Austrian School (aka Vienna, psychological) - direction, uphold the principles of economic liberalism: freedom terms of transactions, to minimize government intervention in the economy.According to the approach of the Vienna school, the economy is very difficult to analyze the object (the question of the possibility of a real prediction) for the multitude of determining factors and the complex nature of economic behavior.
- new political economy - one of the most studied in the framework of the teachings of modern economic theory, analyzing the behavioral mechanisms of politicians, officials, the media and the electorate through the prism of the market and the economy.In the framework fails the concept of the "ideal state", which is designed to take care of the citizens.This theory implies that the contradictions between the participants in this process - the cause of corruption.
