the question: "What is a quota?" - You can not give a definite answer.The term is borrowed from Latin, and it means a portion or share something that falls on everyone.Therefore we can say that the quota - is the share of a participant in a common effort (production, sale, import or export), which carried out several manufacturers.
Determining what quota, has a narrower meaning.Quota - a limit on the number one category of goods, which are allowed for importation into the country from other countries or exported from abroad.The establishment of such a quota called quotas.
It is set at the state level.It is a measure regulating foreign economic relations of the country on the level.With quotas set restrictions on imports and exports in quantity and value terms for some time.Quotas can be applied to certain goods, services, vehicles and even producing countries.Such a measure designed to monitor the supply and demand on the market within the country, and it is used in the case of discriminatory shares of foreign trading partners.
But what is the quota for domestic consumers, and any positive or negative side of it is?Entrepreneurs who work in industries that are protected by quotas, have higher profitability.At the same time the domestic manufacturer who feels on your business pressure from foreign competition, has the right to demand from the state quotas.But at the same time in conditions of free trade our products have a lower cost, while their use quota price increases, which leads to a narrowing of the field of consumer sales.
What is the quota of international trade and its species
- Global.It specifies the total amount of imported goods, irrespective of the manufacturer and categories.
- Import.Specifies the limit on the amount of import of certain categories of products in order to maintain the domestic market.
- Individual.As for a certain product for importation into the country.
- season.Controls import of fruits and vegetables during the harvest of the domestic crop.
- Customs, which determines the size of the duty on the import of goods.
- Export.Sets the export volumes for certain products.
But the word "quota" can be seen not only in the lexicon of international economics.Nowadays, when technology and the Internet took over all of our time, both working and personal, we are learning more and more knowledge in this area.And among the terms relating to computer technology, you can also find references to the quota, such as disk quotas.They enable efficient use of disk space, preventing inappropriate use.
term "quota" is found in the medical lexicon.On the basis of the Order of the Health Ministry №1248 (31.12.2010), every woman on the testimony of physicians can expect to receive a quota for free in vitro fertilization.Decides to provide such benefits commission City Health Department, for example, in Moscow is the Department of Health in Moscow.Quotas are issued at the request of the patient and the decision of the special commission.
