thermodynamics is called a branch of physics that studies the principles of thermal energy and its distribution throughout the volume of a substance or a particular environment.This discipline is based on certain general principles of universal and uses experimental data of many other sciences.Thermodynamic Equilibrium is the cornerstone of this area of scientific knowledge.
One of the most important and perhaps the most peculiar feature of living organisms is their unique ability to transform energy and storing it in various forms.Thermodynamic equilibrium - a state of the system when its parameters and characteristics can not vary over time without affecting any external factors.
That is: theoretically isolated physical system consisting of one or more physical objects can endlessly in a state of balance.If you violate thermodynamic equilibrium, any system will tend to return to its stable state independently.This is one of the fundamental principles of physics, which is built too much in our lives and in nature.
easiest to imagine the thermodynamic equilibrium is an example of such a natural human attribute as a thermos of hot tea, which is the most isolated system.Of course, the temperature in any point of the substance (in this case - tea) will be the same.But if you put it in a thermos ice cube, thermodynamic equilibrium is momentarily disturbed, because the temperature difference occurs in different parts of the liquid.
This heat transfer will take place from the field to a higher temperature toward the colder areas until the entire volume is not set uniformity of thermal regime.When this happens, the stability is restored.This is how any thermodynamic system, regardless of its size and the number of objects of which it consists.
basic condition of balance, which is the same temperature parameter at all points of the system is particularly important for living organisms.All biological objects to maintain a normal life requires a regular flow of energy.All biological processes also need to be stable to heat transfer and uniform distribution.
example, plants accumulating solar energy, convert it to a chemical bond of organic substances by photosynthesis.In animals, everything is exactly the opposite - the organic matter derived from food are converted into energy.All such processes (the representatives of both flora and fauna) occur in strict accordance with the principles of the thermodynamic system.
Basic concepts of thermodynamics are universal and inviolable for living biological systems, and to inanimate nature.The principles of thermodynamics states that any collection of related objects may be referred to a thermodynamic system.The only difference is in the size and number of objects.Examples of such systems can serve as the cells of our body, heart and other internal organs.The whole body, too, in a sense, is a thermodynamic system.Even such huge objects as the biosphere, the oceans are also belong to this category.They are subject to the same laws of thermodynamic equilibrium.
