Ludwig Boltzmann - the creator of the molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases.Born in 1844 in Vienna.Boltzmann is a pioneer and a pioneer in science.His work and research were often incomprehensible and rejected by society.However, with the further development of the physics of his works have been recognized and subsequently published.
academic research interests cover such fundamental areas as physics and mathematics.Since 1867 he worked as a teacher in a number of higher education institutions.In his studies, he found that the gas pressure blows due to chaotic molecules on the vessel wall in which they are located, while the temperature depends on the velocity of the particles (molecules), in other words, their kinetic energy.Consequently, a higher speed than moving the particles, the higher the temperature.Boltzmann's constant is named after the famous Austrian scientist.It was he who made an invaluable contribution to the development of statistical physics.
physical meaning of the constant
Boltzmann constant defines the relationship between the physical quantities such as temperature and energy.In statistical mechanics, it plays a major role key.The Boltzmann constant is k = 1,3806505 (24) * 10-23Dzh / K.The numbers in parentheses indicate the values of allowable error relative to the last digit.It should be noted that the Boltzmann constant can also be obtained from other physical constants.However, these calculations are quite complex and are difficult.They require deep knowledge, not only in physics, but also of higher mathematics.
relationship between absolute temperature and energy
Stefan-Boltzmann constant allows you to relate the characteristics of micro- and macrocosm, namely the ratio of the velocity of the molecules to the temperature.The formula that describes this relationship is as follows: 3 / 2mv2 = kT.
In a homogeneous gas in the vessel at a certain temperature T, the energy that is necessary for each of the degrees of freedom equal to the ratio kT / 2.Knowing the temperature at which the molecules are, and their weight, you can easily calculate the mean square speed.However, this formula is not suitable for diatomic gases.
ratio Ludwig Boltzmann (entropy - probability)
entropy of a thermodynamic system can be defined as the logarithm of thermodynamic probability.This relationship can be called a major achievement and the opening of the great Austrian physicist, he made at the end of his career.At the scientist's life and it has not received the recognition in the scientific community, but four years after his death, this discovery was officially recognized.
few words in conclusion
Boltzmann constant, not only is the core of statistical physics and molecular-kinetic theory, but also had some influence on the further development of physical theories.This applies, for example, this section, as quantum mechanics.
