indoors and outdoors, we can hear a lot of sounds: footsteps, ticking clock, the sound of rain, the birds singing, the horn of the car.However, the sounds of human speech stand out and are different from the others, because they can be used to form words.It is known that all the sounds of the Russian language are divided into two groups: the consonants and vowels.In the formation of vowels air barriers does not occur in the oral cavity.But in the case with the pronunciation of consonants in the mouth there is a barrier.So, what could be the consonants, which groups they are divided, what is meant by "paired consonants?"
voiceless and voiced consonants
division into these groups is as follows: voiced consonants are pronounced with the help of noise and voices, but the deaf consist of a single sound.The first and second pairs may form on the voicelessness / sonority.Correlated pairing represented by 12 rows.For example: "e" - "t", "d" - "a", "s" - "with" and others.Such sounds - consonants are paired.But not everyone agrees can be combined in pairs.They do not form a resounding "n", "m", "l", "d", "p", and the deaf, "c", "x", "w", "h".In the letter sounds are indicated by the corresponding letters.It is important to be careful.Paired and unpaired consonants at the end of a word or before a consonant in the middle of may sound the same, but be marked with different letters.To test their writing needs to find a word with the same root that after checking proved to be consonant vowel sound and left no doubt in spelling.For example:
gris b - gris b expected gris paragraphs - gris paragraphs ozny;
ro t - t ro oic (cavity) d ro - ro d a marketing (lock).
hard and soft consonants
Depending on the position of the tongue when pronouncing the sounds of all the consonants are divided into hard and soft.These are different phonemes.Consonants are allocated paired and unpaired.Examples pairs "a" - "in", "k" - "k" "p" - "p," and others.Badge (, ) denotes softness sound transcription.Steam does not constitute soft "u", "h", "d", and always hard, "w", "x", "y".Of course, it is important to distinguish between the paired consonants hard and soft.Sometimes they even distinguish words.For example:
m Yol - m ol IU l - IU l s.
In " m Yol" and "IU l s" isolated consonants - soft, and the words " m ol" and "IU l" - hard.Thanks to this special pronunciation of the word does not get confused.
When writing the words soft consonants may be referred to in the following ways:
- With "s".For example: horses, elk, hit.
- With the use of the letters "I", "me", "e", "e", "w".These cases are: the wheel, tossed the ball.
It is important to remember that in the middle of the word before the consonant softness is not indicated soft sign in the following combinations: "Art", "schn", "nt", "Pm", "CHN", "CHK" "Hm," "LF ".Note the word: to LF ins, ACT Pm Itza, mo st iki.The selected combination of the first consonant is heard gently but written without the soft sign.
letters "I", "e", "e", "w" may be the vowels "a", "e", "o", "y" + soft consonant before them.In other cases (in the beginning of a word, after a vowel after "b", "b"), they mean two sounds.And before sound "and" consonants are always pronounced softly.
So, you could see that the creation of pairs - a feature that is very characteristic of consonants of the Russian language.Paired consonants are grouped together at the same time opposed to each other.Often they help to distinguish words.
