Russian Rivers and lakes have long been the object of attention from both the residents of the state and visitors near and far abroad.And not only in the exceptional beauty and colors of nature.Many people come to a purely cognitive or scientific purposes.For example, the world's leading experts on the territory of our country are studying the local flora and fauna, as, indeed, and geological features of the planet.
Today, with confidence and a certain pride we can say that the protection of rivers and lakes of Russia is under the control of the State, including local authorities.
This article aims to answer the many questions that tend to arise sooner or later all the people interested in our country.Rivers and lakes of Russia will be discussed in detail.
What are the internal waters?
Talk about the rivers and lakes of Russia is impossible without consideration and study of purely theoretical concepts.So, under the inland waters in the first place realize rivers, swamps, lakes, glaciers and artificial ponds.Refers here and groundwater.Hardly anyone would deny the fact that human life is invaluable their meaning, without them we simply would not exist.On the territory of the Russian rivers, which belong to the basin of the Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic oceans.
By the way, the term should be understood pool water areas through which they themselves are saturated rivers and their tributaries.
seas, rivers and lakes of Russia, or rather, their characteristics and the types of food that are directly related to climate.
River.General description
Today in Russia there are about two and a half million of the rivers.The volume of river flow is equal to 4043 km3 / year, or 237 m3 / year per km2.
It should be noted that the Arctic Ocean is the main part of our large rivers.For example, a fall in the biggest, deep and long - Ob, Yenisei and Lena.
But if we take into numerical terms, it is about 80% of the rivers of the above amounts include all the waters of the Pacific Ocean.Such rivers are fleeting, but are not considered very long.The largest representatives - is, of course, Anadyr and Cupid.
to the Atlantic Ocean is only 5% of the rivers of Russia.They feature flat nature of the flow.The biggest of them - Don.
It should be noted that the highest density of rivers in Russia falls on the taiga, and the smallest number of rivers characteristic of the Caspian depression.
direct source of food
Generally, rivers and lakes of Russia, whose photos can be seen in almost every encyclopedia of the planet, are powered by three types of sources: the melted snow water, rain and groundwater.
on this matter is worth looking in more detail.So, due to the fact that the territory of the country is located in the high and middle latitudes with a continental climate, almost the entire Russian Federation, the main source of supply of the rivers began to snow.
At the same time it should be noted that in some areas, for example, in the Amur region, Transbaikalia, the Kaliningrad region, which falls a little snow and rains, rivers with rain type of food.
in the Highlands, as a rule, in the Altai and the Caucasus, was the main glaciers.When approaching the rivers to the Pacific and Atlantic oceans is increasing the role of rainwater supply.
But the rivers, which is dominated by clay power in Russia virtually none.They are found only in Kamchatka.
By the way, the main flow of the rivers of Russia falls on the warm seasons.
Lena - the largest artery
If we consider the rivers and lakes of Russia, not to mention Lena impossible.She is deservedly considered one of the biggest rivers in the world.Its length - 4400 km, it flows in Eastern Siberia, in the Republic of Yakutia and the Irkutsk region.It is estimated that the area of the basin is 490 thousand. Km2.
way, it starts from the lake, which has no name, at an altitude of 1000 m above sea level, located in the west of the Baikal Mountains.Lena flows into the Laptev Sea.
Talking about the characteristic features, it should be noted that the source of the river in the winter almost to the bottom of the freeze, but the summer is almost completely dry.Surprisingly, there are even places where its depth is not more than half.
And only after the saturation of the first tributaries, it becomes deeper and brimming.It is known that the river is filled with such large inflows as Kirenga, Vitim, Aldan, Olekma, Viluy.For Yakutsk Lena gets more than 10 km wide.
Lena Delta begins at a distance of 150 km from the sea.Main meals - rain and snow.It is full-flowing spring, summer floods occur.
Depending on the territory of the river can be very inhomogeneous: fast, winding and full of rapids, but at the same time the place is flat and calm.
Some parts of the coast of the Lena make strong crystalline rocks, but there are those that are planted with birch and pine forests.
Ob - an amazing and unique Siberian river Ob
- it is also a very strong water flow, the largest river in the world, the longest in Russia and second in Asia.Its length is 3650 km.Proceeds she Western Siberia and flows into the Caspian Sea, which is now formed vosmisotkilometrovy Gulf - Gulf of Ob.
River is formed in the Altai at the confluence of Biya and Katun.The area of its basin is equal to 2990 thousand. Km2.
width Obi after the confluence of the Irtysh River is 7 km, and the depth in the area - up to 20 m. It is necessary to get to the village Cellars to see for yourself that this is where the river divides into Malaya Ob and more.
Delta Obi takes an area of about 4 thousand. Km2.Among the major tributaries should be allocated Tom and Irtysh.It feeds the river basically melt water, it is characterized by spring floods.
largest lakes Russia
should be noted that the whole territory of our country is a huge number of large bodies of water.The largest lake is Lake Baikal, Onega, Lake Ladoga, Chukchi, ilmenite, Khantayskoye, Segozero, Kuludinskoe, Teletskoe and Pskov-Chukchi.
Surely each of you reading this article will agree that the name of the Russian rivers and lakes is particularly melodic.Well, in any other language of the world there are such words, after saying that already want to write poetry and compose amazing stories?
way, not without pride, we note that the Onega, Lake Ladoga and Ilmen belong to one of the most famous lakes in Europe.
Baikal - mighty giant
There are corners of the planet, where you can talk about forever.Many of the sea, rivers and lakes of Russia may well be attributed precisely to such places.
Take, for example, Lake Baikal, which is considered not only the deepest lake in the world and naikrupneyshim vault world's fresh water, but also a territory other than the unique nature.
Its depth of 1640 m, and age really is awe-inspiring - 25 million. Years.
Not everyone knows that in this lake contains 90% of the fresh water of the Russian Federation and 20% of global fund of this natural resource.At first glance it is difficult to imagine that in our Baikal water are 336 rivers and only one Angara follows from it.
Sea, which is a lake
Yes, and this also happens, though, you will agree, it sounds extremely implausible.The fact is that the Caspian Sea are actually a huge closed lake, which has salt water and ocean cover.
It is located on the border of Europe and Asia, but the shore of the Caspian Sea in the territory of five countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Iran.Because of this, this sea-lake got 70 different names, but its main title has previously lived here from ancient tribes - the Caspian Sea.
area of the Caspian Sea is more than 371 thousand. Km2.In the northern part of the lake meets the shallows.The water level is unstable and fluctuates constantly.Unfortunately, if you list the most polluted rivers, lakes and sea of Russia, then pass by the area impossible.However, the part of our country held the entire range of activities aimed not prevent the disaster of global proportions.
