Ural economic district covers an area of seven subjects of the Russian Federation: Bashkortostan and Udmurtia, Perm, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Sverdlovsk and Orenburg region.The boundaries of the area covered an area of 824,000 square kilometers.The center of this area, one of the 11 economic regions of Russia, located in Yekaterinburg.
Geographically, it is located in the Middle and South Urals, partially capturing the North, as well as of the surrounding plains to the Urals from the west - Eastern European, from the east - the West Siberian.Potential energy of rivers is 3.3 million kw.Located on the Kama River Kama and Votkinsk reservoir.Nearly half of the area is covered with taiga forests with reserves of 3.5 billion cubic meters more woodThe southern part is occupied by steppes, plowed over large spaces.Climate - moderately continental to continental.The population - about 20 million people (at a density of 23 persons / sq km.).Urban population prevails over agriculture, it is 2/3.
Industry direction of the economy
Ural economic region is rich in minerals, it has caused the diversity and complexity of the highly complex structure of heavy industry with national importance.The main branches of heavy industry are: metallurgy (ferrous and nonferrous), mechanical engineering (transport, energy, agriculture), forestry, mining, chemical and petrochemical, chemical.Successfully it is mined minerals, oil (Kama) and gas (Orenburg).Refineries located in Ufa, Perm, Orsk, Krasnokamsk, gas processing - Orenburg.Mining and coal, but the basic need for it is covered by imported coal (from Kuzbass, Karaganda).
Ural economic district is supplied with its own power generated by high-power power plants: one nuclear power plant (Beloyarsk), two hydroelectric power stations (Kama and Votkinsk) and nine power plants and hydroelectric power station.
leading role in the heavy industry assigned metallurgy, formed and developed on the basis of local raw materials.Home based businesses are plants Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Nizhny Tagil.On these and other enterprises is adjusted metal industry, demand in engineering and construction.In the Urals, working non-ferrous metals.
Ural economic region - a leading Russian region of heavy engineering ("Uralmash", "Yuzhuralmash"), chemical engineering (Glazov plant "Uralkhimmash").The company "Uralelectrotyazhmash" produces equipment for the electrical power equipment industry.For bigger machinery employing the release of freight railroad cars, automobiles and motorcycles, trakorov and trailers to them, a variety of agricultural machinery.Machine tools developed, produced electrical appliances, radios, refrigerators.
Urals Chemical industry represented by the production of potash, phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers, soda, sulfur, hydrochloric acid, various salts, chlorine.The production of plastics, resins and alcohol, varnishes and paints, synthetic fibers.Processed asbestos, magnesite.
the Urals launched production of building materials (cement, concrete products, prefabricated).Wood presented the production of paper, lumber and plywood.Light industry produces linen and synthetic fabrics, leather and footwear products, garments.Food industry engaged in processing meat and milk, flour mills operate.
Agriculture Urals moving towards crop production (wheat, rye, oats, barley) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goat, pig) to provide food of the population of industrial cities.In suburban state farms grow potatoes and vegetables.From industrial crops grown flax and sunflower.There are also poultry factories - suppliers of chicken meat and eggs.
Ural economic district is cut along and across the transport network.It's railways (largely electrified), conduits for transporting oil and gas, water and road transport.
