hydraulic press operates thanks to a very important characteristic of ordinary water.It is very bad compressed, so that when it is placed in a vessel having a closed wall, which she has in all directions the same pressure.But if such a vessel filled with water, is equipped with two pistons, on the one hand - the young, the other - a large, then clicking on the smaller with some force, it is easy to squeeze or pick the second.The greater the difference of their areas, the greater the impact force increases.This effect operate all hydraulic presses worldwide.
discovery of this relationship belongs to Pascal, however, when her life no one could use it.After his death, a treatise on the hydrostatic pressure was released, and from it followed that the small piston in a closed vessel with water, with the efforts of one man can balance piston is a hundred times bigger, if it will press just a hundred people.I liked the idea to many, but to create a hydraulic press for a long time no one could.
hundred years inventors struggled to solve this problem, but under no conditions, no one could get the absolute integrity of the water system, because as soon as the pressure in it increases, the liquid begins to leak and voltage, aimed at creatingpressure was lost.Only at the end of the XVIII century, Henry Models invented sealing layer for the pistons.Since then and to this day it is justly considered that without the invention may still be one, and did not create a hydraulic press.The thing just came out of the impasse and began to develop.
Within seven years the hydraulic press with their hands Brahma created the Englishman.It was the first model for countless large and small appliances, among whom was a jack to raise any severity, and press for punching soft metals.
However, hydraulic presses immense power for iron and appeared only in the middle of the XIX century.This was the era of large size forging blanks, so it took a powerful hammers.Development Engineering stimulated rapid development, the introduction of new technology, and many factories have already started to apply stamping, very noisy steam hammer weighing one hundred and twenty tons.
author of the first hydraulic forging press was D. Gazvel - head of the Vienna railway workshops, shops which were located in the city, and the use of the steam equipment for metal forming frightened residents.Then D. Gazvel decided to install instead of a hammer hydraulic press with a capacity of seven hundred tons, and with it produce locomotive parts.
Two years later, his invention was presented at the exhibition in London, which gave impetus to the creation of even more powerful pistons worldwide.Outstanding was the press Whitworth - G. student model that will stamp the products directly from iron bars.Replacing hammer hydraulic press, he has achieved a significant reduction in price of the products, and this in turn led to the modernization of many machine-building plants, where steam hammers began to throw away and replace them with hydraulics.By the beginning of XX century the power of hydraulic presses have reached thousands of tons.
