hard to imagine a Russian language without the adjective.Designating a sign of the object, this part of the speech makes human speech imagery and accurate.
In total there are three categories of adjectives: quality, relative and possessive.Each of these groups, their features and functions, which in this article we will not elaborate.We'll talk in detail about such grammatical features as a form - full or short.
short forms of adjectives and their features
fact the existence of "truncated" version - it is the "litmus test" that determines the form of the adjective.At possessive and relative this role there.As a non-permanent morphological feature is present only in high-quality.
Today, the short form of adjectives, though there, but every year it becomes less common.
Few people know that in the Slavonic language, adjectives do not have a full form, it was formed much later.Recall the examples of folklore.Fairy tales, proverbs and sayings give us a lot of examples: "Milan are not white," "fair maiden", "good fellows", etc.
Short form of adjectives can be close for a full lexical meaning.They differ only questions and endings.For example: children (what?) Compliant (poln.f.), children (what?) Obedient (kr.f.)
But the short form of the adjectives sometimes differs from the total equivalent connotations.Thus, the word "ill" indicates the moment, and "patient" - at a constant sign.Sometimes the form of the same word in general have a different interpretation.
compare:
- Clear weather lasts for a week.
- task became clear after talking to colleagues.
In the second case we see an obvious metaphor that has no direct parallel with the first meaningful word.Also short form of the adjective may indicate an excessive display of tag:
- pied (multicolored) parrot;
- motley clothes (very bright, attracts attention).
Some words are generally used only in a short form, "pleased", "ready", "is able" and so on.The reason is that these tokens have lost touch with their semantic analogues complete.
Unlike adjectives in full uniform, often concretize brief indication due to the fact of its existence:
- short hair (can be any person);
- short pants (a specific person).
syntactic role of short adjectives
The proposal "truncated" form acts only as a compound nominal predicate.If the full adjectives can be virtually any member of the proposals have only one brief role:
mighty oak (kr.f.- predicate)
Mighty (full. F.- definition) oak stands outside the window.
short form of the adjective may be in possession of a bunch of verb, which often indicates the time:
She was talkative.(proshed.vr.)
wall is strong.(bud.vr.)
As we can see, the role of short adjectives in the language is quite large.Firstly, they can express both lexical tones complete the form, and exist independently, denoting a separate concept.Secondly, the presence or possibility of the formation of this form indicates that this is a qualitative adjective.Thirdly, the syntactic role of words is unambiguous - the sentence they function as a predicate.
