If we consider the levels of organization of life on our planet, the first, of course, is a molecular.In contrast, higher and general - Biosphere.All the rest - intermediate.One of these is the organ, which is the formation of different structural parts of the bodies of all living beings on Earth.His studies science biology.Authority - a body part.What are they for different types of entities and that represent, we consider below.
Biology: the body - is it?
If the answer to this question is the scientific definition, we can say so.Organ - a collection of different cell and tissue structures which are in the living body and performs any function.
This does not matter about what exactly the body in question, as long as he was a multicellular.So for protozoa of animals and plants, as well as for the presence of bacteria is not typical of any bodies.Exception - the cellular structure or organelle.
The study of the concept and its entities engaged in science biology.The body - it is a living structure, which means that part of the biomass of the planet.Consequently, it must learn the appropriate discipline.However, there are several.Most biological family includes a number of different sections, and other sciences.Therefore, the body can be studied by several of them.Most often it is such disciplines as:
- anatomy;
- physiology;
- biochemistry;
- histology;
- cytology;
- hygiene.
Thus, it becomes clear, as defined by the concept under consideration is biology.Authority - is a small system, which consists of a number of substances, molecules, combining the cells.The latter, in turn, formed fabrics, which line the structure itself.
In this case there are no such bodies that have existed independently of the other as part of one entity.All of them are closely related, and those that perform similar functions, form the so-called system of bodies.Therefore most often treated as separate structures of some units of a system within the body.
Bodies lower plant organisms
organs of plants, of course, differ from those of other creatures.It's even a special realm of nature.Moreover, not all plants are identical, consequently, part of the body are different.
So, there is a special department of lower plants.These include those that live under water, algae.The bodies of plants of this group are not expressed.They have no clear division between the stalk, leaves and so forth.Whole body - it or thallus thallus, but instead the roots are special devices called rhizoids.They serve for fastening the substrate and attach to its surface.
Himself metal may be very diverse in form, appearance.Sometimes it reminds strongly dissected leaves of higher plants.But still metamorphic division by agencies is not observed.
Thus, the body of lower plants is:
- thallium;
- rhizoids.
Higher plants
This category includes all terrestrial species, the body of which is clearly structured into separate parts.If we look at the higher classification, it is possible to distinguish several very bulky classes.The most common, and many of them are angiosperms.
study of the morphology, physiology and anatomy of plants engaged in botany - another section, which includes science biology.Organs of flowering plants, in principle, repeated those of all the other ground except for one important difference - the presence of the flower as a generative organ.
Therefore, we consider all the terms of the higher organs of the plant.
generative organs
To those, as has been indicated, include flower and all its member structure.Specifically, are the following:
- pistils;
- stamens;
- receptacle;
- ovary;
- ovule;
- petals;
- pollen tube;
- pollen grains.
Together, these bodies form the flower, where fertilization takes place, the birth of the seed and education around the fetus.
In gymnosperms (conifers, Ginkgoales) function of generative organ performs a bump, which is also the formation and development of seed.In spore plants sporangia perform this function, in which the mature cells of the smallest - disputes.
Vegetative organs
These include anything that does not participate in reproduction.It is such structures:
- stem (in the case of trees and shrubs in the trunk);
- root that forms the two systems - a fibrous rod and different species;
- leaves - the main organ for the implementation of the process of photosynthesis.
These parts of the body and there are vegetative organs of plants that live on land or on the water, but not under its thickness.The structure and function of these structures is studying biology science.The body - is a small factory, which are thousands of biochemical reactions.Therefore, consideration of their internal organization is extremely important for understanding the mechanisms of the life of a plant species.
human organs
Apart from all the other sciences is human biology.Bodies of people differ especially complex organization, structure and functioning.Knowledge of the mechanisms of each of them - this is important information for medicine, which are used to maintain human health, disposal and prevention of various diseases.
There are many examples of various organs of the human body.For example:
- heart;
- light;
- kidney;
- ovaries;
- intestines;
- leather;
- analyzers;
- stomach;
- the spleen, and others.
evident, however, that none of them can exist in isolation, but together.What is the system of organs?Biology as a science gives the following definition of this concept.It is a combination of several parts of the body or bodies that perform similar functions and have a largely similar structure.
Biology, Grade 8: System of
So, in the human body can be identified eight major systems.
- Musculoskeletal, which includes bones and muscles.
- Coating.It consists of an outer and inner parts of the skin.
- Digestive.It consists of organs such as the stomach, esophagus, larynx, mouth, tongue, spleen, liver, intestines, anus.
- respiratory system.It includes in its membership the lungs, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and other structures.
- excretory system.Organs: kidneys, ureters, and bladder.
- nervous system.Authorities: brain and spinal cord and numerous branching nerves.
- Circulatory system: the heart, blood vessels, the aorta.
- endocrine system: endocrine and exocrine.
- reproductive system: ovaries, uterus, vulva, testicles and others.
All of these systems provide a coordinated and coherent work of all organism.And the bodies of their term, which support this order from the inside.
Unusual sensory organs in animals
Among them can be called some of the most interesting:
- Electric beak.Platypus.
- echolocation.Dolphins and bats.
- infrared vision.Snakes.
- Ultraviolet.Bees that distinguish most of the visible light spectrum.
- difference polarization.Octopus.
- exoskeleton high sensitivity.Spiders.
- Taste.Fish.
- dot matrix vision.Some of the marine life.
