This part of the cultural heritage of the country is located on the famous St. Catherine area of the city, located in the south of Ukraine.Next to him stands a monument as associates of Catherine the Great, and in combination, and the founders of Odessa - de flounces, de Ribas, Potemkin and teeth.
pedestal was erected in 1900 and dismantled in 1920. In 2007 there was a restoration of the monument, which caused a serious political repercussions.
facts from the history of the monument
As is known, in 1794 at the behest of Catherine II began construction of the port city, later called Odessa.After 200 years, the inhabitants of this city erected a monument in honor of the Empress, which is installed on the eponymous square.Then the Bolsheviks came to power, and it was decided to dismantle.Statues de Volan de Ribas, Potemkin and teeth - to convey local history museum, and the statue of Catherine the Great - to destroy.
In 1965, on the same Catherine Square erected a new monument, which is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the uprising of the sailors of the legendary battleship "Potemkin".
2007 was marked by the fact that the city authorities had decided to recreate the monument to Catherine in Odessa as a tribute to the founders of the city.Sponsor of this project was made by R. Tarpan (city council member).Monument "Potemkintsam - descendants" moved to the customs area.Statues and Catherine II, and her companions returned to its rightful place.Because of the early loss of the monument (the head of the Empress) was adopted to produce the missing item again.
What turned the grand opening of the monument
In October of the same year was presented to the citizens monument to Catherine the Great.This event was followed by a rally and supporters and opponents of the revival of the country's cultural heritage.
Arrived earlier Ukrainian nationalists tried to disrupt the construction of the monument through the burning of effigies of the empress and fight with law enforcement officials.They, in turn, were guided, in their opinion, the facts of the story that the empress disbanded unduly Sich and has always acted as "an executioner of the Ukrainian people."
How does this monument
Monument to Catherine 2 in Odessa was built in the square of the same name is no coincidence.She is one of the most beautiful places in the city.Catherine's Square with the historic monument of the ensemble with the Potemkin Stairs, more precisely, with its upper part (the informal name associated with the success of the film Eisenstein).She erected a bronze monument to Duke - Duke de Richelieu (the Governor-General of Odessa in 1805-1814 gg.).
parallel steps of the Potemkin Stairs recreated exclusively for original design famous cable car, has two cabins, which are alternately slide in two directions - up, down.They replaced the established during the Soviet era escalators that are idle due to damage than fully moved.At present, the content of the cable car carried out by means of the mayor's office, and it ride free.
meaningful recovery considered historic monument
Potemkin Stairs by a ramp connected with the building of the Naval Station, as well as access to the picturesque quays, which re-moor passenger liners from around the world.All of the above creates a single architectural ensemble historic.Recreate the monument to Catherine in Odessa and its companions - a means to carry out the first steps towards the restoration of the most important architects of Odessa historical center of the city, has a very colorful past.
biography of Catherine the Great
Previously, she was a princess of the German principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.Her name was Sophia Augusta Frederica.She was brought in 1744 in Russia and married.Her betrothed was the heir to the Russian throne, Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich.This was followed by Confirmation, in which Sophia Augusta Frederica was baptized Christian named Ekaterina Alekseevna.She very quickly won sympathy as the court and the whole Guard.
Ekaterina A. Then by the Guard and brothers Gregory and Alexey Orlov, who headed a conspiracy carried dethronement of her husband Emperor Peter III.And in 1762 it was crowned under the name of the Great Catherine II.
Merit Empress
They can be grouped in the following list, namely:
- She issued class privileges of the nobility.
- During her reign accomplished peasant war, the leader of which was Emelyan Pugachev.
- In the era of the reign of Catherine the Great in Russia were attached: Crimea, the North Caucasus, Northern Black Sea Coast, Belarusian, Lithuanian and West Ukrainian lands.
- According to the decree of the empress, was abolished in Ukraine hetman.
- was produced liquidation Zaporizhzhya Sich.
- Formed Black Sea Cossacks.The legal aspect of its leaders were equated with the nobility.
- Catherine II established a medical college and built more than a dozen hospitals.
- By the time of her reign include the introduction of vaccination against smallpox.
- was established a network of shelters for orphans.
- during her reign founded the country's first Russian Academy of Sciences.
known that his last years of life Empress Catherine II spent taking care of to create a city named it Odessa.It sought to its population was predominantly international.Constantly monitor the progress of construction of Odessa and provide all possible and material and moral support.
Thus, no one is doubt as to the correctness of the decision to re-establish a historical value as a monument to Catherine 2. In Odessa, he erected on the right.
how to commemorate the Empress Podolsk
Her monument was erected in September 2008 in the eponymous square.Its specific feature acts is presented as the Empress - the work, as opposed to being shown a monument to Catherine in Odessa - proudly looking at passing people below.
authors captured the moment when she signed an important document - the decree of October 5, 1781, at which the Empress commanded the founding of the city of Podolsk.This monument stands a result of joint activities Rozhnikova Alexander and Nicholas Pestova.To be precise, the very idea of historical value belongs Pestova, and embodied it Rozhnikov.Approximately two tons weighs bronze monument to Catherine.Podolsk, though not the city that it is formed, but its contribution to the development of the empress brought considerable.
St. Petersburg monument to Catherine
This historical heritage is reflected in the Northern capital.In St. Petersburg, on the famous Ostrovsky Square in 1873 it was erected a monument to Catherine II.The idea to create a monument to Catherine in St. Petersburg came a century after the advent of the empress on the throne.
authors of this sculpture made by famous Russian artists and sculptors: Mikhail Mikeshin, Matvey Chizhov, Alexander Opekushin and architects - Joseph Grimm and Victor Shterer.Stone for the manufacture of granite pedestal specially brought from the banks of the Karelian Isthmus.For this it was necessary to overcome the path of the water directly to the St. Petersburg Neva River.To deliver the stone to the right place, it was necessary to lay railroad tracks.
Empress Sculpture height of 4.35 meters. The monument to Catherine II presented its towering statue.In her right hand she holds the scepter, and the left - a laurel wreath.At her feet is located symbolic crown of the Russian Empire, and on his chest - the Order of St. Andrew.
Companions Empress
Their figures are arranged around the pedestal below, in particular:
- poet and statesman Gavrila Derzhavin;
- Russian military Count Alexei Orlov-Chesmensky;
- statesman Count Pyotr Rumyantsev;
- great Russian commander and our national hero Alexander Suvorov;
- statesman and favorite of the Empress Grigory Potemkin;
- Russian explorer and Admiral Vasily Chichyagov;
- Princess Ekaterina Dashkova;
- president of the Imperial Academy of Arts Ivan Betskoi;
- diplomat Alexander Bezborodko.
was decided to reconstruct the monument to Catherine in Simferopol
He was consecrated in October 1890 This monument is represented by a statue of the empress on the podium.Near the statue of Catherine II of its associates: G. Potemkin-Tauride, V. Dolgorukov-Crimean A. Suvorov and I. Bulgakov.They put a lot of effort to Crimea became part of the Russian Empire, and originated in the peninsula city of Simferopol.
This summer the mayor above the city announced the decision to restore this historical value.Help in the process of reconstruction of the monument offered the sculptor Zurab Tsereteli.
newly restored monument to the Empress in Krasnodar
It was originally built in 1907, and in 1920 - destroyed by the Bolsheviks.Monument to Catherine Krasnodar restored and appropriately unveiled in 2006
It was designed in honor of the 200th anniversary of the Kuban Cossack Army (1895), a famous artist and sculptor Mikhail Mikeshin.Inauguration of the historical heritage took place in the month of May 1907
As a monument to Catherine in Odessa, this monument is represented by a statue of the empress on the podium.She dressed in royal purple and holding a scepter and orb.The facade of the pedestal shows 1792 Charter to the left of Catherine II on the background of all kinds of military banners and signs depicted military and her favorite Prince Potemkin-Tauride, and the right - the first chieftains Cossack Anton Holovaty, Zachary Chepega Sidor and White.The back of the monument is represented by blind Kobzar with a guide and a list of victories that were won by Russia with the participation of the Kuban Cossacks.
newly created monument - sculptor Kuban Alexander Apollo.In the process of manufacturing the monument, he guided imagery bronze original, as well as models, drawings and archival documents.This monument was made in the workshop of artistic casting Rostov University.
