Geological research includes the study of geologic and tectonic structure of large regions (districts, areas of work).The studies found out stratigraphy (sequence of occurrence of geological formations), the genesis (origin) and the age of the rocks making up the Earth's shell chicken in place of research.
results of these studies are expressed in the form of geological maps.Geological map displays in graphical form on the topographic base in a certain scale, the geological structure of the earth's crust in a horizontal plane in a particular study of the place.At stake is applied in full with actual geological information.Geological sections are extremely important in regions where rocks on top of closed powerful layer of soil and vegetation, the modern man-made formations.
geological section presents in graphical form a vertical section through the earth's crust to a depth penetrated by the well or mine workings.It is mandatory addition of a geological map.Geological section highlights the lithological section studied strata, power layers, their position, the structure of geological bodies, the age of the rocks, the position of the groundwater level.
For undistorted inforomatsii geological structure in relation to the terrain value of the horizontal scale (scale of the map) and vertical (cut out) must be identical.But for the design of construction projects (roads, dams, buildings) the vertical scale of the geological section increase in the tens and hundreds of times.
build Geological section along the cutting line, carried on the map across the strike (across) the geological structures.Wire line of dots that represent well on the map.For more information about the geological structure of the earth's crust in the study area line of geological section can be a broken line.
To construct the first section on graph paper rebuilt topographic profile, carrying specific elevations.Determine the average height of the area and height of the conduct horizontal (zero) line.On the profile is applied to the location of the wells and through these points perpendiculars lowered to the zero line.Each is a perpendicular line on which you want to display a geological section of the well, using online documentation.On the cutting line is applied as the point at which there is documentation in the form of descriptions of natural outcrops of the crust.Then build a geological section, connecting the border lines (bottom and top) rock layers, identical in lithology and age.To construct the geological section correctly, carefully studying the map, identifying the structural elements of the type of bedding rock faults.
Engineering and geological cross-section of the different geological additional information that characterizes the physical and mechanical properties of soils and dynamic processes.For engineering evaluation areas for the construction of buildings and structures is necessary not only geological information with the characteristics of rocks on their strength, water content, but also information about the changes of the geological environment - taking place on the territory of the processes and phenomena: frost heave soil, karst, landslides, distribution of specificsoil, groundwater regime, soil salinity, corrosiveness of soil and groundwater for concrete, steel and more.As a result, engineering and geological surveys to determine the steps to be taken for the stability and durability constructed facilities.
