Nitrogen - perhaps the most common chemical element in the solar system.To be more specific, the nitrogen is ranked 4th most common.Nitrogen in nature - the inert gas.
This gas has no color, no smell, it is very difficult to dissolve in water.However, salts of nitrate tend to respond very well to water.Nitrogen has a low density.
Nitrogen - surprising element.There is speculation that it has received its name from the Greek language, which translated to a mean "dead, spoiled."Why such a negative attitude to the nitrogen?After all, we know that it is part of the protein, and breathing without it is almost impossible.Nitrogen plays an important role in nature.However, under this inert gas.If you take it for what it is, in its original form, it may be many side effects.The victim may even die from suffocation.After all, because the nitrogen is called lifeless that it does not support combustion or respiration.
Under normal conditions, this gas only reacts with lithium, forming a compound such as lithium nitride Li3N.As we have seen, the degree of oxidation of nitrogen in a compound of -3.With other metals and nitrogen compounds, of course, also reacts, but only by heating or by using different catalysts.By the way speaking, -3 - the lowest degree of oxidation of nitrogen, since only 3 electrons needed to completely fill the outer energy level.
This indicator has a variety of meanings.Each degree of oxidation of nitrogen has its own connection.Such compounds are better just to remember.
Thus, the degree of oxidation can be at -3 nitrides.The oxidation of nitrogen in the ammonia also is -3, as it may sound paradoxical.Ammonia is a colorless gas with a very pungent odor.Think of ammonia.It shall also include ammonia, NH3.Producing even medicines containing ammonia.Basically, they are shown for fainting, dizziness, extreme intoxication.The sharp smell quickly leads to feelings in the victim.Still, after all he is willing to do anything to him to remove this "skunk".
Rarely are such degree of oxidation of nitrogen as -1 and -2.The first is found in the so-called pernitridah, among which it is worth noting N2H2.Last degree of oxidation occurs in conjunction NH2OH.Such a complex substance is very weak unstable base.It is used mostly in organic synthesis.
We now turn to higher oxidation of nitrogen, of which there is also a very much.The degree of oxidation of nitrogen occurs in one compound such as nitrous oxide (N2O).When a small amount of such gas hardly observed any side effects.Often it is used in small doses for anesthesia.However, if during the inhalation of this gas is long enough, you can die from suffocation.
+2 oxidation state is found in the compound NO.The oxidation state of 3 - in the oxide N2O3.The oxidation state of 4 - in the oxide NO2.This gas has a reddish-brown color and pungent smell.It is an acidic oxide.
+5 - the highest degree of oxidation in the nitrogen.It occurs in nitric acid and all salts, nitrates.
