ek Words with suffixes - / - IR always cause a lot of questions from students.Moreover, not every adult knows in which cases written or that morpheme.That is why the article submissions, we decided to dedicate this topic.
General
Call 2 words suffixed -ik-.It should be noted that it is not difficult to do, but only if you know the basic rule of the Russian language, which explains the spelling of the letter "i" and "e" in the morpheme.After all, some of the people continually commits the same error, and instead of "key" write "klyuchek" instead of "bush" - "kustek", "ball" - "myachek" and so on.That's why school curriculum this topic is given special attention.
When should I put the letter "i"?
And what words with suffixes ek - / - IR, you know?These include the following: sofa, grandson, son, brick, peas, knife, pencil, bell, leaf, ball, hammer, flower, leaf, bush, ogonёchek, svistochek, stebelёchek, key, boy, nose, cucumber, chair, her finger, piece, face, bag, ball, handkerchief pirozhochek, bridge Kalachik, airplane, screw, ribbon, rain, pea, garden, etc. kotёnochek.
As you can see, each said word with the suffix causes great -ik-doubts about its correct spelling.After all, this morpheme is in unstressed position, and consequently it is impossible to determine what is necessary to put a vowel at the end - "i" or "e" (and, maybe, and "o"?).That is why we recommend to get acquainted with the relevant rules of the Russian language.
basic rule
word with the suffix -ik- should be written only if the decline in its vowel "i" is stored.For clarity, we give specific examples:
- pencil - pencil;
- sofa - couch;
- cucumber - cucumber;
- Kalachik - up;
- bush - a bush;
- spout - spout;
- Rental - high chair;
- finger - Palchikov;
- face - face;
- boy - a boy;
- key - key;
- ball - a ball;
- airplane - airplane;
- leaf - leaf;
- cog - a cog;
- bow - a bow;
- bridge - bridge;
- brick - brick;
- rain - rain;
- garden - garden and so forth.
When should I put the letter "e"?
about how to check the word with the suffix -ik-, we talked a little higher.However, it should be noted that in the Russian language, and are often found lexical units which have -ek- morpheme.And in order to make sure that these words actually written the letter "e", they are also encouraged to decline.If she is fluent (ie fall), it should be considered only the suffix -ek-.
give illustrative examples:
- bell - bell;
- granddaughters - granddaughter;
- ogonёchek - ogonёChKa;
- peas - peas;
- knife - knife;
- lump - lumps;
- svistochek - whistles;
- hammer - gavel;
- leaf - leaflets;
- nut - Nuts;
- son - son;
- stebelёchek - stebelёChKa;
- piece - pieces;
- bag - Bags;
- flower - a flower;
- handkerchief - a handkerchief;
- pirozhochek - pirozhoChKa;
- kotёnochek - kitten and so on.
As you can see, is fairly easy to determine how to spell the word with the suffix -ik- and which - with the suffix -ek-.Incidentally, such a morpheme in Russian called alternating.In contrast to the immutable, their spelling depend on those or other situations (in this case from the safety of a vowel in the declension of the word).
nouns with the suffix -ok-
We have considered the word with the suffix -ik-.-Ok- As a morpheme of nouns.However, during the derivation of such a suffix is not in doubt.What is the reason?The fact that the morpheme represented almost always occupies the striking position.As a result, the letter "o" in the suffix -ok- heard most clearly.For clarity, we give a few examples:
- cam;
- gyroscope;
- son;
- hammer;
- arrows;
- cock;
- fool;
- Berezhok;
- chalk;
- Expert;
- snow;
- hook;
- Mansion and others.
suffixes -ek- and -ok- after schipyaschih consonants
About what words suffixed -ik-, -ek- -ok- and there, you know.However, this raises a new question: "When is the last two morphemes after sizzling should be placed the letter" e ", and in which -" a "?"It is difficult to determine how to correct: Cockerel or petushEk.What is the reason?The fact is that during the pronunciation of lexical items and the letter "e" and the letter "o" after the sibilant consonants are heard as [about].
spelling rules vowels "e" and "o" after the sizzling
If the suffix standing after hissing consonant, the stress falls, you should write only morpheme -ok-.Here is a vivid example:
- Berezhok;
- cock;
- cam;
- gyroscope;
- peasant;
- gyroscope;
- old man;
- worm;
- boot;
- fool;
- jump;
- bong;
- son;
- snow;
- Hook and others.
Regarding the suffix -ek-, it is placed just in the words that it does not drop the accent, and if such a lexical unit loses its vowel in declension.
For clarity, we give an example:
- knife
- nut
- granddaughters;
- peas;
- bell;
- lump;
- hammer;
- leaf;
- ogonЁchek;
- svistOchek;
- son;
- flower;
- stebelЁchek;
- slice;
- bag;
- gully;
- handkerchief;
- pirozhOchek;
- kotЁnochek and others.
Methods of forming words with the suffix -ok-
How formed these words?-IR Nouns with the suffix - / - Ek occur by adding the morpheme to the base word.As a result, we get a new lexical unit, but diminutive value (for example, a sofa, ball, granddaughters, leaf, hammer, bell and so on.).As for the suffix -ok-, it gives a slightly different meaning:
- diminutive, followed by expression of endearment (give an example: gulls, brother, zyatёk, fungus, leaf and so on.).
- Action (give an example: a yawn, throw, kick, drink, jerk, stroke, push, jump, slap, jump, flip, cotton, etc.).
- subject, but rather the result of (give an example: chip, hank, stump, sketch, mold, stamp, stitch, village, settlement and so on.).
- subject, but rather an instrument of action (give an example: a whistle, bell, whistle and so on.).
- subject, but rather the subject of action (for example, float, engine, sprout and so forth.).
- Venue (ice rink).
- diminutive or pet only value (for example, Ninka, Vitek, Lidok, Igoryok, Sasha and so on.).
- person who performs an action (for example, rider, eater, shooter, player, walker, etc.).
- person that results from the action (for example, bastard, bastard, overgrown nedorostok teenager and so on.).
- Persons characterized the quality that lies in motivating the word (for example, ancestor, descendant, etc.).
- subject characterized by a sign, which is named motivating adjective (eg, wilding, protein, egg yolk, etc.).
- substance, which is called the motivating noun (eg, chalk).
- unit that stands in the names of nouns and is a group of identical items.At the same time they just as much called the motivating name of the numeral (eg, five, ten and so on.).
