Manor Dubrovitsy (Podolsky District) is located on the picturesque bank of the river.Pakhra.The first mention of this historic site dated to 1627 in that distant time the estate was called Boyar patrimony IVMorozova, whereby the boundaries of land have been greatly expanded.After his death, she inherited fiefdom Aksinia I. - daughter of Morozova, she - the wife of Prince IAGolitsyn.He was the first of its kind owned estates.On how to develop the estate of the Golitsyn in the coming years, what changes have occurred in it, we learn on.
important stage in the development of
At the end of the XVII century.during the life of Boris A. Golitsyn - companion and educator Peter I - the estate has launched a major construction.In 1689 the owner of the estate, despite the fact that the early period of the reign of Peter the Great was one of the most influential nobles, fell in disgrace by the king.In this regard, Golitsyn was forced to leave the capital and settle in the village.His preference, he gave near Moscow fiefdom.And first of all it was Dubrovitsy, manor Marfin, Big Vyazemy.In 1690 the first name of the Prince was laid extraordinarily beautiful Orthodox church, which became a masterpiece of architectural art.
Description estates
Today, visiting the former manor house, you can see well-preserved old buildings in its territory.Among them are the Church of Holy Virgin 1609-1704 gg., The palace in 1750, the stables, the mound.Also survived three wings of the four buildings of the economic purpose and French linden park.The historical complex is located 6 km from the railway station in the east of the modern village Dubrovitsy.The farmstead was built not far from the site where the rivers merge Pakhra and gums.Later, at the time when the estate owned by Morozov on its territory were built a house and a wooden church in the name of Elijah the Prophet.
Church of Holy Virgin
important period in the development of the estate started in 1688, when the patrimony came into the possession of Boris Golitsyn (1641-1714 gg.).In the summer of 1690 on the territory of the estate was demolished the old church made of wood.She moved to the nearby village Lemeshovo.At the site of the former temple prince laid the new church of white stone in the Baroque style.It engaged in the construction of a large number of foreign and Russian skilled craftsmen.The architectural decoration of the church invariably affects the abundance of highly artistic, graceful sculptures.What is quite rare in the Russian Orthodox architecture.Thanks to the professional work of the masters and the high quality of the materials used in the work you can see the stucco reliefs of evangelical themes.The four-well preserved iconostasis and bunk choruses with openwork carving.
Restructuring estate
In 1750-1753 gg.when Lieutenant Golitsyn - the grandson of Boris A. - on the estate were built manor house, four wings, stables.Were built and outbuildings.In 1781, in connection with a large debt, the lieutenant was forced to sell the estate Dubrovitsy.The estate passed into the possession of Grigory Potemkin (1739-1791 gg.).However, the owner of the patrimony he was short-lived.In the summer of 1787 Catherine II visited the village Dubrovitsy.Manor liked her so that the empress wanted to buy the estate to his new favorite - adjutant Alexander Matveyevich Dmitriyev-Mamonov (1758-1803 gg.).Thus, in December 1788 the estate has found a new owner in the face Dmitriyev-Mamonov.Soon the Count retired and devoted his time to the education of his son Matthew.The family lived in Moscow, in the village Dubrovitsy.Manor, a photo of which is presented in an article in the new host has undergone significant changes.In accordance with the latest fashion trends in the estate construction has been carried out overhaul of facades and interior decoration of the main house.And if before the temple occupies a central position, from the XVIII century.He retreated into the background before the artistic and compositional design of the main structure.While at its peak there were palaces in the classical style, leaving behind the Baroque.Since the rebuild the whole house turned hard, it was decided to replace only the decoration of the external facade.In the central part of the southern side of the building was equipped with a nice six-column portico.The main entrance to the house was complemented by a wide white stone staircase with a handrail in the Empire style.The same decoration received a lattice of loggias in the building.High stone tables were decorated with two marble lions.Another amazing complement the main manor house was the opening of the white-stone terrace with a circular staircase.Their porch is located on the front sides of the building.At the main entrance to the estate there was a fountain and a bright flower bed.The main house has become a noteworthy terrace, semi-rotunda with ten columns in the Corinthian style, situated by the river Desna.At the end of the XVIII century.On the estate there was another significant addition - French linden park.He smashed in the western part of the ancestral lands to the palace area appeared separated from the complex of outbuildings.
internal changes
interior of the palace has also undergone significant changes.The small rooms were combined into a suite of large rooms that lead to the central hall.The latter had an elongated shape and a total area of about 200 square meters.m. The architects tried to give the room an oval shape.To do this, the walls from floor to ceiling painted a promising architectural landscape painting.There were recurring image elements, such as loggias, arcades, compositions decor.Pale pink hues distant prospect blends in shades of brown, which is painted on the columns near term.They depicted the master recurring image of coats of arms, among which there is a kind of symbol of Dmitriev-Mamonov.Over time, it began to demand the restoration of the painting.In 1968-1970 gg.it was restored.
history of the estate during the tenure Mamonov
After the death of his elder master's son Matthew was the heir to the estate Dubrovitsy.Manor (how to get to the patrimony, will be discussed below) passed to him when he was only 13 years old, his upbringing was engaged grandfather - Matvei.In 1812, with the beginning of the war, Count enlisted.During Tarutino battle in the village Dubrovitsy stopped a small detachment of Russian troops.Behind them was visited and French soldiers.October 10, 1812 a small detachment of French cavalry I. Murat left the village Dubrovitsy, while looting and burning the neighboring villages.December 21, 1812 Matthew A. - the owner of the estate - was awarded the prize "For Courage" in the form of a golden saber.In March 1813 he was appointed chief of his regiment and promoted to major general.In 1816, MADmtriev-Mamonov retired, and next year he finally settled down in the manor Dubrovitsy.During this time, beginning to emerge secret organization founded by Matvey Alexandrovich, - "Order of Russian Knights".He personally wrote the Charter, which was called "The brief instruction."The document proposed to abolish slavery in Russia and Welcome "Russian Knights" estates, castles and lands.The idea of everything as the residence of the fortress was seriously engaged in the graph.Her reflection was the construction around the entire manor Dubrovitsy stone wall with teeth in medieval style.What makes the estate acquired view of the castle.A halo of mystery that shrouded themselves count, seriously disturbed the government.A suitable occasion to arrest Mamonov was beating valet in which Count suspected secret agent.In the summer of 1825 related to Matthew A. he was taken to Moscow, where he had a police rapid resistance.The last straw was the refusal to take the oath to the Emperor Nicholas I. After this graph officially declared insane, and over it was a guardianship.In 1848-1850 gg., At a time when MAMamonov was under arrest, organized the first restoration of the church in manor Dubrovitsy under the academician of architecture FFRichter.
further history of the estate
In 1864 the owner was Sergey Golitsyn - comes from an ancient princely family.The new owner has put a lot of effort to equip the estate.It was partially demolished wall, an outbuilding in the north-east has replaced the house.In 1919 the estate was opened museum of court life.However, he lasted long.In 1927, all the exhibits were transferred to Moscow, Tsaritsyno, Serpukhov.A manor Dubrovitsy (map where the estate is located, is presented in the article) took to their orphanage walls.In 1923, the estate is located in the city of Bogoroditsk transformed from an agricultural college.In 1961 he settled in the estate of Russian (and then-Union) Research Institute of Animal Husbandry.A large number of the equipment may have overloaded electrical circuits, or oversight caused a big fire.The manor house burned down the night of 3 to 4 June 1964
Restoration
in 1966-1970.We were active restoration work.It was possible to restore the facade of his old furniture, to refurbish the lobby.Stamp hall, removing several layers of paint, restored frescoes.In 1966-1990, the restoration was carried out in the church.Ministry of Culture of the Soviet Union was planning to use it as a museum of religious architecture.But in the autumn of 1990 the church was returned to the congregation.Many people are flocking here.To get to the estate can be from m. Tsarina or the Kursk railway station by train to Podolsk.To get to the village itself, where the estate is located, should get on the bus or the bus 65. By car should drive along the Simferopol highway in Podolsk.There's Square.Lenin need to turn to the right - on the street.Kirov, then Oktyabrsky avenue.Then you need to go on the signs to the village.
Modern look estates
Since the summer of 2003 and the present day territory changes its appearance for the worse: ruthlessly destroyed relic park;instead of the historic road, described in the archival documents of 1915, a huge gaping pit.Around the temple is built a brick wall.This is the modern view of the manor Dubrovitsy.Manor (how to get to the estate, described above), however, and today attracts many tourists.
