On our planet, there are many different natural resources.This article will be touched upon tropical forests of India.What they are remarkable and especially flora and fauna which fills them?
few words about India
It is said that this country is unique.On its open spaces you can find such plants, which are not found anywhere else.Flora of India can be divided into several large groups.Moreover, each of the parts of the country cultivates its unique flora and fauna.Perhaps that is why the flora of India is considered the richest on the entire planet.Surprisingly, it has more than 20 thousand different species.One only trees and shrubs can be counted more than two thousand!
little about the past
It is said that this country has in the past been one of the most forested, but the colonialists did not consider it necessary to protect the natural beauty of the forest and constantly used in India for its own purposes.After the proclamation of freedom of the Indian region the question of preserving natural resources rose especially sharply.At this time actively planted shelter belts along the irrigation canals and roads, is actively taking the necessary measures to prevent soil erosion (including tropical zones).An interesting fact: if the majority of our planet is suffering from deforestation, then India can boast an increase in forest area.Over the past few decades, forest cover increased by about 15-20%.
About species forests
Conditionally Indian forests can be divided into three subgroups:
- Rainforest India (humid, rain and evergreen).Accommodation: The slopes of the Western Ghats, south-eastern part of the Himalayan Mountains Nilgiri mountains and cardamom.
- Shola rain forest, is gradually turning into a deciduous monsoon forest.Main location: above the rainforest.
- Sava forest.Accommodation: Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Deccan Plateau.
About tropics
In studying the topic "Rainforest India" should say a few words specifically about the climate of those places.For example, in tropical forests significantly increased humidity, which is why they are called evergreen rainforests.However, this fact works "on hand" of vegetation then cultivated very lush greenery, because the abundance of heat and humidity - is ideal for plants.As for the temperature conditions in the afternoon in the tropics it is very hot at night as cool six to eight degrees.
Values
It is said that India's tropical forest rich in very valuable tree species.Among them sallovoe tree (it forms pure stands, which are used in the construction of houses and the creation of sleepers), teak, Sissi, dzhatovoe tree.In the above sallovom tree lives lacquer mealybug, which is made of shellac - wax, which is widely used in radio needs, and more recently in the manicure business.On the territory of the State of Karnatka grow the most valuable sandalwood, miroblan (quality raw materials for the manufacture of expensive furniture) and Basso, used to make methanol.
Trees
What else is rich in tropical forest in India?It is important to note that in the monsoon forests of bamboo stems, from which you can easily weave baskets of all shapes, commonly used by the inhabitants of this country.
Some parts of the tropics are filled with harsh and prickly vegetation (area of the Western Ghats), which locals use very wisely.These plants are good for a variety of craft projects and for obtaining tannins and dyes.Interesting fact: an extract from Acacia catechu in India is mined deep orange coloring pigment, which is one of the national colors of the country.On the second floor of the rainforest can be found breadfruit and Indian mangoes.There quite a lot of laurel and myrtle trees.
Palm
Which Indian wealth like schoolchildren?What else is rich in tropical forest in India?Grade 3 school has met on the natural history with palm trees.Indian tropics account for in its territory of about 20 species.The most recognizable pupils palm - coconut.In the southern parts of the tropics can be found wild date palm and bushy INPE.The northern part of the rattan palm tree ready to demonstrate with a very long and thin barrel.Shaded moist ravine filled with orange, banana and lemon trees.
Plants
What other plant can boast a tropical forest in India?3 class of secondary school, unfortunately, still does not consider hopeyu melkotsvetnuyu, Cullen high, WATER and dipterokarpus Indian.Not only that all these names would definitely captivated curious kids, and the plants themselves would have caused a keen interest, because like them relatives in our latitudes can not be found.
Animals
Considering this topic, we wondered what the animals here inhabit tropical forest in India?First of all attention should be given to the monkeys - this is the most common inhabitants of these regions.They are home to a huge number.Moreover, here you can meet and ape.Another very notable resident of the tropics - Indian elephant.It is slightly smaller than its African counterpart, but the difference is insignificant.The peculiarity of the African elephant is that women do not have an individual of his tusks, t. E. They are so short that they are not visible.Elephant and is now used for some heavy work.Well-known deer living in the forests of India.Its great variety of species: muntjac, sambar (the length of horns up to 100 cm), Axis (or read) barasingha (his horns are more than 14 processes).
considered the richest fauna of the Himalayas.In local inhabits tropical musk deer, Malayan bear, mountain sheep.Since the tropics attract herbivores, then for them to necessarily go predators: jaguars, tigers, leopards, panthers, marten members of the order.
Birds
Rainforest in India is full of birds.Here you can meet playful and noisy parrots (more than 150 species!) With bright and colorful plumage.Living in the tropics Lane (Indian starling), vultures, crows and vultures.In winter, poultry increased by almost half, t. To. Arrives here for the winter a large number of birds from Northern Asia and Europe.
Other animals tropical climate
studying what are the animals of the rainforest of India, is to pay attention to insects that inhabit this climate zone.So, first of all you can find many lovely butterflies.And no wonder: the territory of the tropics home to about 700 species.Most like a giant butterfly with a wingspan that reaches 30 centimeters!It is home to a huge number of different ants.
tropics may be home for all kinds of reptiles: crocodiles, turtles, snakes and lizards.Interestingly, some crocodiles reach ten meters in length, and anaconda snake grows up to nine meters.It is noteworthy that only one island of Kalimantan different species of amphibians seven times more than in the whole of Europe.
