Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms cellular structure.Their sizes - from 0.1 to 30 microns.
Microbes are extremely common.They live in the soil, air, water, snow and even hot springs, on the body of animals, as well as inside the living organisms, including humans.
main types of bacteria
distribution of bacteria in the kinds is based on several criteria, among which often take into account the form of micro-organisms and their spatial distribution.Thus, in the form of bacterial cells are divided into:
• coca - micro, diplomas, streptococci, staphylococci, and sartsiny;
• rod - monobacterium, diplobakterii and streptobakterii;
• convoluted species - Vibrio, and spirochetes.
classification of bacteria also includes the state of the bacterial wall:
1. Gram-positive bacteria with thin cell wall - myxobacteria, photosynthetic forms of microorganisms that produce oxygen (cyanobacteria);
2. Gram-positive bacteria with thick cell wall (clostridia and actinomycetes);
3. Gram-negative bacteria that do not have a cell wall (mycoplasma);
4. bacteria that have a defective cell wall - to the group of microorganisms consists ancient form capable of producing methane.
There is a special group of microorganisms - bacteria that have are called pathogens.They feed on other organisms that cause a variety of infectious diseases of humans, animals or plants
Consider the most common bacteria that infect humans.
• Koch cholerae - causes cholera.Infection by these microorganisms occurs through water, food, dirty hands and objects contaminated vibrios.The source of the spread of the disease and the patients are carriers, in which cholera do not develop, but that spread pathogens to other people;
• Bacillus Sonne and Flexner - causes the development of dysentery spread among the population of the same ways as the previous micro-organisms;
• bacillus Koch - is the causative agent of tuberculosis.Dispatched others from patients through the air and droplets that are expelled from the respiratory organs of infected people when they cough;
• bacillus Clostridium tetanus - causes severe diseases - tetanus.Infection occurs by contact with contaminated soil clostridia as well as the transmission of pathogens from the animal or human patient;
• Yersinia pestis - plague pathogen, causes not only the bubonic form of the disease, and severe lung disease;
• Mycobacterium leprae - causes the development of leprosy, which still bears the name of the people of leprosy, and is characterized by lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, peripheral nervous system;
• Corynebacterium diphtheria - organisms that cause diphtheria - severe pathology that is characterized by lesions of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx with the formation of fibrous films, intoxication, lesions of the heart, nervous system and kidneys;
• pale treponema - is the causative agent of syphilis, which is a venereal disease and causes skin lesions, mucous membranes, internal organs, bones and nervous system;
• Helicobacter pylori - a microorganism that causes the development of peptic ulcer disease.
Pathogenic bacteria can cause many other serious diseases with damage to various organs, which require appropriate treatment.c
Pathogenic bacteria can cause systemic inflammatory response of the body, severe pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis, even with the development of shock, that lead to death, so it is important to prevent the penetration of pathogens into the body.For this purpose, various methods are used antisepsis and disinfecting.
