If you trust the scientists' forecasts, on which the non-renewable energy sources will be exhausted in the coming decades, the search for other forms of energy need to start now.If the calculations are correct, then we have enough oil 45-50 years, gas - 70-80 years, uranium - 100, coal, possibly up to 400 years.Alternative forms of energy will be needed for civilized humanity, like air.But given the catastrophic pollution of waste production of the entire planet as a whole, need to give preference to a "clean" energy: solar radiation, wind energy, geothermal energy, water currents, tides, waves, scattered heat water and air.These sources - renewable and environmentally friendly.
way, the economic potential of these sources twice the annual production of all existing fossil fuel today.If you build a wind and tidal power, learn to collect the energy that the sun gives us, we can satisfy the demands on energy consumption all around the world.
tidal power plants can convert into electricity the energy of tides.The first such power plant earned in Russia in Kamchatka (Pauzhetskaya).Its capacity - 5 MW.
Builders such power is necessary pool (damming rivers or dams Bay).The dam must be installed culverts holes hydraulic turbines, rotating generator.
Turbine is a turbomachinery, rotating flow of fluid (water).Turbines can be svobodnostruynymi (active) and naporostruynymi (reactive);by design - horizontal and vertical.Power can vary from tens to hundreds of megawatts.
How do tidal power?With the onset of the tide in the pool with water.When comparing the levels of water in the pool and in the sea there is a closure gate culvert openings.The tide and therefore water level is going down in the sea.As soon as the water pressure will be sufficient to include generators turbines until the water level will drop by the pool.
economically expedient to build a tidal power plant, where the tidal fluctuations of four meters or more.Design capacity of tidal power are dependent on the nature of the tide in the areas of power plant construction, the volume and area of tidal pools, the number of installed turbines.
Tidal power double-acting work, according to the name, and you receive water from the sea and back.In other words, they are capable of producing energy from 4 to 5 hours, and then comes a short break (one to two hours), and the power is turned back into work.Hours turbines can be increased by upgrading simple tidal power (for example, increasing the number of swimming pools).However, the implementation of these projects will result in a huge amount.
With all the positive aspects of such power stations still have and cons.Firstly, they can be built only on the shores of oceans and seas.Secondly, work intermittently.Third, do not allow to develop high power.And finally, they are not quite safe environmentally, because interfere with the normal exchange of fresh water and salt, thereby affecting the fauna.
One of the most economical and environmentally friendly power plants today is wind power or wind power.For her work need only the wind.Variants are designed with different power and accordingly with different prices (from $ 900 to 23 500 USD).Some were enough to provide electricity to a private house, while others can be used by large commercial and residential industries, factories, recreation centers, high-rise hotels.
