today become increasingly popular eco-tourism, which aims to routes on natural reserves and national parks.
In this article you will be presented with natural monuments of the Krasnodar Territory.We all admire the stunning lakes, to study the system of waterfalls and caves, look at this interesting phenomenon, like a stone sea.
What monuments of nature?
the first time the term appeared in the famous explorer Alexander von Humboldt.But then he has incorporated a lot of objects and scientific lost.
Today created a clear classification, which shows not only a monument belonging to one or another form, but also makes it clear which ones are in need of protection or are of great value.
So, recognized the following categories: natural monuments, nature reserves, national parks and state reserves.
No wonder today it is increasing the flow of tourists on routes of natural attractions.After all, only here will be able to relax, get a charge of vivacity, to stretch and strengthen the muscles, calm the nervous system.
Abrau
enumerating the natural monuments of the Krasnodar Territory, particularly worth stay on Lake Abrau.It is the largest freshwater reservoir in the area.Its length is more than two and a half kilometers, and width - six hundred meters.Approximate surface area - 180 hectares.
lake is above sea level, at a height of 84 meters.It undrained, ie a fall in the rivers and streams, but then the water will not flow.The main route of fluid flow - evaporation.
maximum depth now varies from 11 meters.It is noteworthy that even in the middle of the last century, the bottom of the lake is 30 meters from the surface.But due to the fact that there is no flow of water movement, lake Abrau silting.
Today it is the main problem of this natural monument, as its water is used in the economic needs of local residents.Work is underway on the construction of a dam to trap sediment and do not give him to fall into the lake.In addition, sometimes the bottom cleaned of silt.
According to local legend, the lake was formed on the site of the village sank into the ground.Its inhabitants are so grown rich and arrogant, they decided to pave the way to the sea of coins of gold and silver.For it is the Lord wiped the village off the face of the earth and filled the basin with water.Actually, the name of the lake comes from the Abkhaz word "Abrau", which means "valley".
Today, researchers argue that natural monument on the ways of the reservoir formation.There are three versions.
According to the first hypothesis, Abrau lake formed as a result of the failure of karst.But geologists do not agree with it, because the karst lakes are usually located in groups, and it is presented in the singular.In addition, the nature of the floor did not support the theory.
second version - is the assumption that the pond is a remnant of the once existed huge Cimmerian basin.The presence of freshwater fish partially confirm this conjecture, but did not shed light on the origin of depression.
Main and is considered the most plausible version of earthquake, landslide or other shifting crust.According to this hypothesis, there was a cataclysm that blocked the path of the river Abrau the Black Sea.As a result, the lake was formed.
lack of high mountains, where the landslide could happen - the only reason for the existence of other versions.Therefore, the question for the researchers is still open.
Kardyvach
Anyone who decided to see monuments of cultural and natural heritage of the Krasnodar Territory, is simply obliged to visit the lake Kardyvach.This is a beautiful body of water in these regions.It is 44 kilometers from the Krasnaya Polyana in the Adler district of Sochi.
Kardyvach - the lake is flowing.The river that feeds it, is called Mzymta.The length of the pond about half a kilometer, width - 350-360 meters, the maximum depth - 17 meters.It is located at an altitude of 1838 meters above sea level, surrounded by slopes of the Main Caucasus Range.
On the lake shore, you can see such peaks as Loyub, Tsyndyshho, Kardyvach (main and anchor).South-east Ridge pond bordered Kuteheku.
origin of the lake - moraine-dammed.When the glacier moved, he created hollow and locked it moraine.Over time, due to the arrival of rock debris and sediment, water is becoming smaller.
Although upper Mzymta and nourishes Kardyvach lake completely bezrybnoe as downstream is a waterfall.
If you go up the river, you can be near the top Kardyvach.In this lake, even on a hot summer day floating fragments of ice, which completely covers the surface of most months.
Agura waterfalls
Complex natural monuments of Krasnodar region leave no one indifferent.Anyone who has visited these waterfalls, never forget their beauty and natural splendor.
They are located in Khosta district of Sochi.There are a number of tourist routes, participants can admire the stunning views of all three waterfalls and Mount Akhun.
In general, the distance from the first to the last object is about two and a half kilometers.Let's find out more details about Agura waterfalls.
Thus Lower consists of two stages.The first of these - twelve-and second - eighteen meters.If you go on a route that starts at the Devil's font, then the distance to the first waterfall is about half a kilometer.
Middle Augursky waterfall is located half a kilometer from the Lower.Its height is 23 meters.Slightly higher is the upper stage, a height of 23 meters.
From the last waterfall stunning views of the Eagle Rock.It is believed that there once Prometheus was chained and tortured him an eagle.During the route you will even be able to see the monument of the mythical hero.
Natural monuments are sometimes supplemented by the cultural heritage of humanity, which creates a stunning effect.
Salt Lake
Next object located on the Taman peninsula.It is completely up to its name, because the amount of salt in it is 350-400 ppm.That is, per liter of water to get about 400 grams of salt.For example: in the Dead Sea is the same salinity.
once part of the Kuban estuary, due to shallowing of the sea and the collapse of the latter, the lake shows the process of forming a saltwater lagoon.
The maps of the nineteenth century is another component of the Kuban estuary, later - part Bugaz estuary.The maps 1850-1912 years it is a lake, although it was called then the name of the bay.Already in the twentieth century, when in the course of the study had proved its worth, the pond became known as salty.
stunning view it offers of the nearby hills.Next will be considered still some monuments of nature.Protected areas, as you'll see shortly, is rarely put on display their treasures.
When viewed from the hill of the lake seems large and deep.Its length is about one and a half kilometers, and width - kilometer.You will understand the comic of the monument, where you will go down closer.The depth of the Great Salt Lake is only 10 centimeters!
But the treasure of the reservoir is not coarse mineral deposits.The main value of the lake - shestidesyatisantimetrovy layer of healing mud.
When scientists discovered and explored these deposits, water immediately came under state protection.After all, it contains more than 200 thousand cubic meters of hydrogen sulfide treatment mixes!
natural beauty of this resort is the beach, which separates the lake and the Black Sea.Its width is about one hundred meters, and length - 40 km!It stretches to Anapa and covered the smallest quartz sand.
Lake Khanskoye
Mentioning protected monuments worth a stop on Lake Tatar.It is located on the bank of the estuary Beysugskogo and is administered by the sanatorium "Yeisk".
In fact, it represents an early stage of formation of Salt Lake.
It is also part of the sea, which is in the process of shallowing of the last department first into the bay, and then became an independent closed reservoirs.
length Khan lake in length of nearly sixteen kilometers wide - six or seven.Its depth - 80 centimeters.
water enters the reservoir via rain and occasionally from Lima, in the case of strong winds.
According to legend, the lake got its name from the Crimean Khan, who built a palace here, to enjoy the healing power of the local mud baths.
Pshadskie waterfalls
local waterfalls complex includes more than a hundred stages, but the most popular are thirteen of them.
Nature monuments Krasnodar Territory are often equipped with beautiful resorts and tourist destinations.They are on the site of the valley called Base.The major attractions are thirteen at an altitude of 245 to 270 meters above sea level.They are grouped within one kilometer.
eight waterfalls of Pshadskogo complex located on the Red River.The biggest of them and the lower the flow - or Big Pshadsky Olyapkin.Its height is about nine meters.It is about, because one of the banks sloped part and the jet hits the stones, not directly on the water surface.
second adjustment is at the mouth of Grape Creek.It is also closing in the chain of the eight stages and is located at an altitude of 270 meters above sea level.His own jet falls down seven meters.
remaining waterfalls are located between these giants.Their height ranges from 4.5 meters to 30 centimeters.
Kochkareva slot is known for its reclaimed stalactites, which is shaped like a crocodile.Upstream the river flows Pshada Gorlyanov stream.It is located about ten waterfalls.There heights range from four to ten meters.
Next stop - 40 Gorge waterfalls, the upper course of Thabo.There will have to walk on hard to reach places to see objects up to twenty meters high.
Next is to turn in the direction of Papayka creek, which flows into the Pshada.It has tributary - the river Black.The last is a luxurious complex of natural attractions called Papayskie waterfalls.
route starts from the village of Black and goes up the gorge.Before the first kaskadikov need to go about three kilometers.Then begins a mess waterfalls.Gradually increasing their height.
first major waterfall of eight meters is surrounded by spectacular rocky amphitheater.Ten meters upstream is a second - a seven-meter.
Next comes a series of lower cascades.If you get here, then, is near the tourist base "Climbing".Nearby is the monastery complex, and if you walk up the mill creek (tributary Pshada), you can find another set of waterfalls.
Thus, if you are able to appreciate the beauty of the bizarre game rocks and streams, you should definitely visit this place.
Vorontsovskaya cave
Natural monuments Russia are often striking in their history and the bizarre shapes of different formations.Our next point of interest - is a stunning complex of underground rooms.It is part of Vorontsov cave system.
name, this monument was not on the names of the famous prince of the XIX century, and from the nearby village - the village Vorontsovka.
system of caves located in the Adler district of Sochi, near the headwaters of the river Kudepsta.
under the ground, there are about ten inputs, which are located at an altitude of about 400 to 700 meters above sea level.There is a term researchers caves - "fracture".It shows the level of monolithic structures.
So where walls less homogeneous, ie there are many cracks, there is a complex of underground rooms that are fascinating for its beauty.
Among the most famous are: Bear, Oval Hall of Silence and Prometheus Grotto.Some of these buildings are dangerous.Because of the many cracks are frequent avalanches.For example, in the hall of an underground river, you can find pieces of up to 50 cubic meters in volume.
In addition to these areas, there are crumbling halls with stalactites and stalagmites.The most famous - is the luster or Variety.Its width varies from eight to nine meters, and length - twenty meters.Anyone who comes here, is in the realm of the bizarre karst formations.
longest hall - Promethean grotto.Its length is 120 meters.
archaeologists in the cave system found the remains of prehistoric bears, and the Paleolithic sites of ancient people.
Tree friendship
Natural sites and monuments of nature do not always form their own.An example of this might be our next point of interest.
This plant is already eighty years.Once (1934) scientist Fyodor Zorin was planted wild lemon.The aim of the researchers was to produce citrus, who were not afraid to Russian frosts.
consistently been vaccinated about 45 different fruits.Different varieties of mandarins, oranges, grapefruits, and other citrus fruits.
One day in 1940, the institute visited the Otto Schmidt and showed him a tree-garden.Polar explorer to inoculate another sprigs.Later, in 1957, a similar procedure repeated dignitaries from Vietnam.
Today this miracle plant prischepleno more than 630 different varieties of fruit, and in the process of grafting participated famous guests from 167 countries of the world.Beside him, grow 60 "kids" - trees that are planted by foreign rulers, ambassadors, astronauts and other figures.
Today it is a museum, which houses more than twenty thousand exhibits in the form of souvenirs from different cultures.Adopted during the visit give any notable national veshchichki.
Stone Sea
When viewed online reviews, it seems that almost all the natural monuments of Krasnodar region are in the vicinity of the city of Sochi.
But it is not.Now we will talk about one of the attractions of Maikop district.There are such tourist sites as Khadzhokh with its dolmens, the White River Canyon, the rock "Carry by, Lord," and others.But the most unusual and memorable it is a stone sea.
This is a huge field of karst outputs that resemble petrified waves of a raging sea.There are cars, grottoes and caves.The biggest cave is headed.
very important protection of natural monuments.For example, this field is not only used by tourists and travelers, but also by many institutions of higher learning for educational purposes.
There are field training geologists, botanists and students of other specialties.It is noteworthy that in the southern part of Stone Sea located alpine meadows, and in the north - the forest.That is the flora of these places is very diverse.
Thus, in this article we are acquainted with natural monuments of the Krasnodar Territory, walked along a system of waterfalls, visited the caves and walk along the sea Stone.
